background: although lowering of food cholesterol is an effective way to reduce blood cholesterol, but recently some effective health and bioactivity characteristics of the milk fat components have been identified, so by decreasing the use of milk fat, an important source of fat-soluble vitamins and bioactive components of milk is limited. recent studies have shown that the growth of lactic aci...

Indentation is a new method for estimating residual stress. The plastic behavior of the materials under study can affect indentation parameters and, thus, influences the results of residual stress measurement. In this paper, the effect of yield stress and work-hardening exponent on the accuracy of residual stress measurements in steels and aluminums was studied. Results showed that, for m...

Automotive sheet panel strain measurement usually involves large surface areas. For high resolution analysis, using the circle grid analysis method, several hundred elements must be measured. Existing technologies are limited to the small surface that area can be measured in one setup. As well, the (X,Y,Z) location on the part is not accurately available. This paper reports a new surface strain...

The mechanical testing of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and nano-electro-mechanical systems (NEMS) requires precise measurements of displacement and strain in the nanometer scale. Integrated testing devices, including specimens, actuators and sensors, were designed and fabricated to overcome the aligning and gripping difficulties faced by previous separated micromechanical testing app...

A broad array of cardiac imaging research and technique development has been deployed in the quest to define the earliest myocardial changes of cardiomyopathy so that earlier detection may afford more timely institution of therapy and improved outcomes. Recognition that high-resolution measures of myocardial deformation can be abnormal before global contractile dysfunction has further fueled de...

Wireless sensor networks can be used to perform structural monitoring. Strain gauges, which can be glued on or integrated to the observed material, are the most common nondestructive sensing elements for measuring surface strain. Wireless strain gauge measurement system makes strain measurements more flexible while opening new targets of application in addition to those that traditional wired s...