The successful execution of a construction project is heavily impacted by making the right decision during tendering processes. Managing tender procedures is very complex and uncertain involving coordination of many tasks and individuals with different priorities and objectives. Bias and inconsistent decision are inevitable if the decision-making process is totally depends on intuition, subject...

2. McSPRT This section summarizes the McSPRT algorithm for solving correlated selection problems. This section is brief. A more detailed discussion appears in [Gratch94]. McSPRT stands for “Multiple Comparison Sequential Probability Ratio Test.” A sequential procedure [Govindarjulu81] is one that draws data a little at a time until enough has been taken to make a statistical decision of some pr...

completed in 1950, was the first electronic computer with an internally stored program in the U.S. government. This paper describes how scanning and computer processing of images began at the National Bureau of Standards in 1956 and how the use of SEAC made possible experiments that led to the widespread use of image processing and many other computer innovations.

We provide a systematic reconstruction of Abramsky's category SProc of synchronous processes Abr93]: SProc is isomorphic to a span category on a category of traces. The signiicance of the work is twofold: It shows that the original presentation of SProc in mixed formulations is unnecessary | a simple categorical description exists. Furthermore, the techniques employed in the reconstruction sugg...

For many location based services like location based advertising, location based information services, or in particular, realizing a virtual traffic sign, which is bound to a location over time, we need a stored geocast solution. A stored geocast is a time stable geocast, which is delivered to all nodes that are inside a destination region within a certain period of time. The period of time sta...

Historians agree that the stored program concept was formulated in 1945 and that its adoption was the most important single step in the development of modern computing. But the “concept” has never been properly defined, and its complex history has left it overloaded with different meanings. The paper surveys its use and development and attempts to separate it into three distinct aspects, each w...

In this article, we sketch procedures for taking the census, making adjustments, and evaluating the results. Despite what you read in the newspapers, the census is remarkably accurate. Statistical adjustment is unlikely to improve on the census, because adjustment can easily put in more error than it takes out. Indeed, error rates in the adjustment turn out to be comparable to—if not larger tha...

Speed and size are two important factors while designing the electronic system. It’s Speed of operation and flexibility to modify, measures the performance of the system operation. Microprocessor/microcontroller (MPMC) system can handle sequential operations with high flexibility and use of Complex Programmable Devices (CPLD) can handle concurrent operations with high speed in small size area. ...

in laboratory experiments the toxicity of acetone was investigated against four species of stored-product insects. in empty-space trials, estimates of the lethal concentrations of acetone (lc, 72-h exposure) for 50% mortality against adults of the lesser grain borer, rhizopertha dominica (f.), red flour beetle, tribolium castaneum (herbst), rice weevil, si-tophilus oryzae (l.) and eggs of the a...