In todays era use of immunomodulators has tremendously increased to treat various human and animal diseases like viral diseases,cancer, autoimmune diseases, inflammantary conditions etc. Immunity is the bodys natural ability identify resist infectious disease disorders. Immunomodulators are biological or synthetic substances that can stimulate, suppress modulate any aspect immunity including ad...

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies have revolutionized the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. Immunogenicity against these antibodies has been shown to be clinically important: it is associated with shorter response duration because of diminishing concentrations in the blood and with infusion reactions. Concomitant immunomodulators in the form of methotrexate or azathioprine reduced the...

The ability to stimulate the immune response of cattle and pigs offers a new means of disease intervention. This review discusses current in vivo experiments that have evaluated immunomodulators in cattle and pigs. Levamisole, thiabendazole, imuthiol, avridine, isoprinosine, bovine recombinant interferon, human recombinant interleukin-2, bovine recombinant interleukin-2 and various supplemental...

Natural immunomodulators are getting more and more popular. The popularity, however, often brings over-optimistic claims and mediocre effects. The purpose of the present study was to directly compare eleven most commonly used immunomodulators. Through testing both cellular and humoral branches of immune reactions, we found that most of the immunomodulators tested have limited, if any, effects, ...

background: asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood and adolescents worldwide that can result in variable restriction in the physical, emotional and social aspects of the patient’s life.the purpose of this study was to assess the effect of asthma stimulants modifying education program on the attitude of adolescents with asthma.materials and methods: this study was based on pretes...