[1] To reexamine the potential for lateral mixing over large distances (>100 km) by impact craters, a mathematical model utilizing the stable probability distribution is proposed for estimating lateral mixing efficiency on the Moon. The proposed model divides material mixing into shallow slope and steep slope regimes. Mixing in the shallow slope regime conforms to the condition that the exponen...

Underground oil pipelines are made of pressurized pipes, and when damage occurs, the consequences can be disastrous. Pipeline accidents caused by stress can be attributed to material corrosion, impractical design, manufacturing defect, environmental damage, and man-made destruction. In this study, by utilizing the stress analysis software CAESAR II, the stress of pipelines in high and steep slo...

The role of a photospheric component and of pair breakdown is examined in the internal shock model of gamma-ray bursts. We discuss some of the mechanisms by which they would produce anomalously steep low energy slopes, X-ray excesses and preferred energy breaks. Sub-relativistic comptonization should dominate in high comoving luminosity bursts with high baryon load, while synchrotron radiation ...

cients. Normalizing to a unit plot of length 22.13 m, both the USLE and RUSLE use the equation Empirical soil erosion models continue to play an important role in soil conservation planning and environmental evaluations around L 5 (l/22.13) [2] the world. The effect of hillslope length on soil loss, often termed the where L is soil loss normalized to the 22.13-m-long slope length factor, is one...