Chlorohydrins of stearoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (SOPC), stearoyl-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine, and stearoyl-arachidonyl phosphatidylcholine were incubated with cultured myeloid cells (HL60) for 24 h, and the cellular ATP level was measured using a bioluminescent assay. The chlorohydrins caused significant depletion of cellular ATP in the range 10-100 microM. The ATP depletion by the phosp...

Stearoyl-ACP' desaturase (EC 1.14.99.6) converts stearoyl[ 18:0]-ACP to oleoyl[ 18:1(9)]-ACP in the unsaturated fatty acid synthesis of plants and plays a role in the regulation of fatty acid composition of plant membranes and seed oils (1). Several cDNA clones ofmRNAs encoding plant stearoylACP desaturase have now been described (2-4). The coding sequences for the mature enzyme are highly homo...

Stearoyl-ACP desaturase (EC 1.12.99.6) is a enTable 1. Characteristics of the cDNA encoding a rice stearoyl-ACP zyme localizing in plastid, which catalyzes conversion of stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by primary introduction of a cis-double bond between carbon positions 9 and 10. Recently, cDNAs encoding a stearoyl-ACP desaturase were isolated from severa1 dicotyledonous species: safflower (Thompso...

Phosphatidylserine from human plasma was purified and identified by amino normal-phase and octadecylsilyl reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. The two major molecular species within the human plasma phosphatidylserine, qualitatively determined by negative-ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, are 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine and 1-stearoy...

sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG), a key intermediate in lipid metabolism, activates protein kinase C and is a fusogen. Phosphoinositides, the main sources of DAG in cell signaling, contain mostly stearoyl and arachidonoyl in the sn-1 and -2 positions, respectively. The polymorphic behavior of sn-1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoylglycerol (SAG) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray powder di...

Stearoyl-acyl-carrier-protein (ACP) desaturase (EC 1.14.99.6) was purified to homogeneity from avocado mesocarp, and monospecific polyclonal antibodies directed against the protein were used to isolate full-length cDNA clones from Ricinus communis (castor) seed and Cucumis sativus (cucumber). The nucleotide sequence of the castor clone pRCD1 revealed an open reading frame of 1.2 kilobases encod...

A series of lipoamino acids were synthesized and their neuroprotective effect against brain ischemia induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) on rat cerebral slices was evaluated. Among these compounds, N-stearoyl-L-tyrosine (4), N-stearoyl-L-serine (5) and N-stearoyl-L-threonine (6) exhibited good neuroprotective activity. We found that the neuroprotective activity of lipoamino acids depend...

The components of commercial sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL), purchased in Japan, were determined and identified using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography with mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). Stearoyl lactate (SL) and stearoyl-2-lactylate (SLL) were purified using TLC and silica gel chromatography to obtain standards. The results show that SSL consisted of lactic acid (8.4%), s...

Crude cytosolic fraction from rat liver was examined for proteins that may be involved in regulation of microsomal stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity. Gel filtration revealed the presence of several components that either stimulate or inhibit this enzyme. In addition, other components bind the acyl-CoA substrate, thus affecting observed activities in vitro. A protein that stimulates stearoyl-CoA ...

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate is mostly produced in the cell by phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinases (PIP5K) and has a crucial role in numerous signaling events. Here we demonstrate that in vitro all three isoforms of PIP5K, α, β, and γ, discriminate among substrates with different acyl chains for both the substrates phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) and phosphatidylinos...