Electromyography (EMG) is widely used to evaluate muscle activity. EMG can indicate which muscles are active and the relationship between a level of activity and the worker's capacity. Properly employed, EMG assists in evaluating the relative risks of alternative working conditions. Articles reporting EMG results are often used by ergonomics practitioners as guidance in job design. As such, the...

Thin plate structures are more widely used in many engineering applications as one of the structural members. Generally, buckling strength of thin shell structures is the ultimate load carrying capacity of these structures. The presence of cracks in a thin shell structure can considerably affect its load carrying capacity. Hence, in this work, static buckling strength of a thin square plate wit...

Traditionally back pain in the nursing profession is associated with heavy lifting of patients. Although there is a strong relationship between heavy loads on the spine and lifting patients, literature indicates that there is a major factor that should not be underestimated: static load. Static load can be defined as the result of static, not moving, not dynamic, working positions. For example ...

In current design practice, the dynamic wind loads are described in terms of the equivalent static wind loads based on the gust response factor. This approach results in a distribution of the equivalent static loading similar to the mean static wind load distribution, which may not always be a physically meaningful and realistic load description. In this paper, the equivalent static load repres...