The sudoku completion problem is a special case of the latin square completion problem andboth problems are known to beNP-complete. However, in the case of a rectangular hole pattern – i.e. each column (or row) is either full or empty of symbols – it is known that the latin square completion problem can be solved in polynomial time. Conversely, we prove in this paper that the same rectangular h...

Permalloy antidot arrays with different square hole sizes 120

What is the smallest circular or square wall hole that a regular tetrahedron can pass? This problem was solved by Itoh–Tanoue– Zamfirescu [8]. Then, we settled the case of equilateral triangular hole in [1]. Motivated by these results, we consider the corresponding problems in higher dimensions. Among other results, we determine the minimum (n−1)-dimensional ball hole that a unit regular n-simp...

A well known result of Fraenkel and Simpson states that the number of distinct squares in a full word of length n is bounded by 2n since at each position there are at most two distinct squares whose last occurrence start. In this paper, we investigate squares in partial words with one hole, or sequences over a finite alphabet that have a “do not know” symbol or “hole.” A square in a partial wor...

chronic subdural hematoma (csdh) is a curable entity frequently encountered by neurosurgeons. the present study was conducted to explore expert opinion and common practice in iran. besides, a review of randomized clinical trials in literature was performed. a questionnaire including six questions discussing major aspects of practice on csdh, with multiple choices was designed. a pilot study was...

This paper aims at optimizing the parameters involved in stress analysis of perforated plates, in order to achieve the least amount of stress around the square-shaped holes located in a finite isotropic plate using metaheuristic optimization algorithms. Metaheuristics may be classified into three main classes: evolutionary, physics-based, and swarm intelligence algorithms. This research uses Ge...

Propagation properties of square, hexagonal and octagonal lattice photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have been analyzed here for both stressed and unstressed conditions. The analysis has been carried out using finite element method. All types of PCFs are investigated here by varying number of air hole rings with same design and operating parameters. The results show that external stress causes PCFs...

In the final stages of collapse, quantum radiation due to particle creation from a naked singularity is expected to be significantly different from black hole radiation. In certain models of collapse it has been shown that, neglecting the back reaction of spacetime, the particle flux on future null infinity grows as the inverse square of the distance from the Cauchy horizon. This is to be contr...