Pick handle barracuda (Sphyraena jello) ) is one of the most important commercial species in the Persian Gulf. In order to investigate prevalence and intensity of nematoda, 150 S. jello  from three sites (Khuzestan, Bushehr and Hormozgan provinces) of the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf were monthly investigated in the period 2012-2013. The nematodes belonging to the genus Hysterothylaci...

Although huddling was shown to be the key by which emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) save energy and sustain their breeding fast during the Antarctic winter, the intricacies of this social behavior have been poorly studied. We recorded abiotic variables with data loggers glued to the feathers of eight individually marked emperor penguins to investigate their thermoregulatory behavior and ...

In previous chapters, we have attempted to define the term “gel” in a consistent and meaningful way, while recognizing that the gel state is often easier to recognize than to define (if it looks like “Jello”, feels like “Jello”, and responds like “Jello”, it must be a gel [1]). This leads us to the theme of the present chapter, the elucidation of phase diagrams and composition maps for molecula...

As fisheries shift towards ecosystem-based management, the need to reduce impacts on by-catch has been increasingly recognised. In this study the catch composition, discard rate, and post-capture survival of species caught by gillnets in Tasmania, Australia, was investigated. Over half the commercial gillnet catch was discarded, with discard rates of ~20% for target and >80% for non-target spec...

Fish predation is important in shaping populations and community structure in aquatic systems. These predator-prey interactions can be influenced by environmental, behavioural and morphological factors. Morphological constraints influence the feeding performance of species, and interspecific differences can thus affect patterns of resource use. For piscivorous fishes that swallow prey whole, fe...

Identifying relationships between fishes and their environment is an integral part of understanding coral reef ecosystems. However, this information is lacking for many species, particularly in understudied and remote regions. With coral reefs continuing to face environmental pressures, insight into abundance and distribution patterns along with resource use of fish communities will aid in adva...