The indoor surface deposition and distribution of insecticides applied as foggers, baseboard or perimeter sprays, spot sprays and crack-and-crevice sprays represent distinct pathways of potential unintentional and unavoidable residential pesticide exposure of children and adults. Fogger, perimeter spray, crack-and-crevice, and spot sprays using registered commercial products were studied using ...

Al~traet--Recent advances concerning analysis of sprays and drop/turbulence interactions are reviewed. Consideration is given to dilute sprays and related dilute dispersed flows, which contain well-defined dispersed-phase elements (e.g. spherical drops) and have dispersed-phase volume fractions less than 1%; and to the near-injector, dense spray region, having irregularly-shaped liquid elements...

Supplemental water sprays were placed along the sides of a continuous mining machine to improve suppression and confinement of the dust cloud under the cutting boom to reduce downwind dust levels. Using a full-scale mock-up of a continuous mining machine, preliminary work showed that these side sprays improved suppression of the dust cloud and redistributed this cloud under the cutting head. Th...

BACKGROUND Household cleaning products are associated with adverse respiratory health outcomes, but the cardiovascular health effects are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE We determined if long-term use of household sprays and scented products at home was associated with reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of autonomic cardiac dysfunction. METHODS We recorded 24-hr electrocardiograms in...

This review of research on ultralow-volume (ULV) aerial sprays for mosquito control is a component of an Aerial SPray EXpert system (ASPEX). Topics include application volume, adulticiding, larviciding, droplet size, and meteorology. The review discusses the efficacy of ULV aerial sprays against many important pest and vector species of mosquitoes in a wide range of locations and habitats in th...

Beginning with the most general fractal strings/sprays construction recently expounded in the book by Lapidus and Frankenhuysen, it is shown how the complexified extension of El Naschie’s CantorianFractal spacetime model belongs to a very special class of families of fractal strings/sprays whose scaling ratios are given by suitable pinary (pinary, p prime) powers of the Golden Mean. We then pro...

The main purposes of this article are to extend our previous results on homogeneous sprays [13] to arbitrary (generalized) sprays, to show that locally diffeomorphic exponential maps can be defined for any (generalized) spray, and to give a (possibly nonlinear) covariant derivative for any (possibly nonlinear) connection. In the process, we introduce vertically homogeneous connections. Unlike h...

S prinklers are used extensively in a variety of fire protection applications. These systems are required to perform effectively over a wide range of extremely harsh and complex operating conditions. The sprinkler performance depends on the initiation, formation, dispersion and surface cooling characteristics of the sprays created by these devices. The behaviour of sprinkler sprays is strongly ...