The effects of polyurethane sponge size and type on the performance of an up-flow sponge bioreactor were studied using different sponge cube sizes (1 x 1 x 1 cm, 2 x 2 x 2 cm and 3 x 3 x 3 cm) and types of sponge (S28-30/45R, S28-30/60R, S28-30/80R and S28-30/90R). The reactors were operated under anaerobic conditions in an early stage and an aerobic condition in a latter stage. The results ind...

Sponges (phylum Porifera), known to be the richest producers among the metazoans of bioactive secondary metabolites, are assumed to live in a symbiotic relationship with microorganisms, especially bacteria. Until now, the molecular basis of the mutual symbiosis, the exchange of metabolites for the benefit of the other partner, has not been understood. We show with the demosponge Suberites domun...

An in vitro quantitative assay of tumor cell invasion is described. The assay measures the rate at which [125I]iododeoxyuridine-labeled tumor cells migrate through the chorioallantoic membrane of developing chicken embryos. Invasion chambers were prepared from amber latex cylinders, chorioallantoic membrane, and thread ligatures. The chambers were placed in glass vials to rest on discs of photo...

An in vitro quantitative assay of tumor cell invasion is described. The assay measures the rate at which [12sl]iododeoxyuridine-labeledtumor cells migrate through the chorioallantoic membrane of developing chicken em bryos. Invasion chambers were prepared from amber latex cylinders, chorioallantoic membrane, and thread liga tures. The chambers were placed in glass vials to rest on discs of phot...

A 60-year-old man visited our hospital with complaints of micturition pain and interruption of urinary stream. X-ray examinations were performed, showing no bladder and urethral stone. However, KUB revealed bilateral multiple renal stones. Excretory urography showed a horseshoe kidney and a concentration of the contrast medium in the ectatic tubules at the pyramidal apices. Calculi were also lo...

the down-flow hanging sponge (dhs) reactor, which was developed for post-treatment of effluent from up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) process treating sewage, uses polyurethane sponge as media to retain biomass. wastewater is trickled from the top of the reactor and purified by microorganisms retained both inside and outside of the sponge media as the wastewater flows vertically down thr...

L-asparaginase is an anti-neoplastic agent used in the chemotherapy of lymphoblastic leukaemia. The present work deals with production of extra-cellular Lasparaginase from marine actinomycetes, using submerged fermentation. Marine actinomycete Streptomyces associated with marine spongeCallyspongia diffusa was isolated using specific ISP medium. Sponge-associated Streptomyces was character...

A combination of approaches was used to examine the bacterial communities associated with 2 deep-water Scleritoderma spp. sponges. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of partial 16S rRNA genes extracted from sponge tissue was used to determine the structure of the sponge-associated bacterial community. Cultivation studies using a variety of marine-based media and medium additions w...

The diversity and secondary metabolite potential of culturable actinomycetes associated with eight different marine sponges collected from the South China Sea and the Yellow sea were investigated. A total of 327 strains were isolated and 108 representative isolates were selected for phylogenetic analysis. Ten families and 13 genera of Actinomycetales were detected, among which five genera repre...

the down-flow hanging sponge (dhs) reactor, which was developed for post-treatment of effluent from up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) process treating sewage, uses polyurethane sponge as media to retain biomass. wastewater is trickled from the top of the reactor and purified by microorganisms retained both inside and outside of the sponge media as the wastewater flows vertically down thro...