Suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations ([SPM]) in the Yangtze estuary, which has third-order bifurcations and four outlets, exhibit large spatial and temporal variations. Studying the characteristics of these variations in [SPM] is important for understanding sediment transport and pollutant diffusion in the estuary as well as for the construction of port and estuarine engineering st...

A novel cationic polymer, dextran-spermine (D-SPM), has been found to mediate gene expression in a wide variety of cell lines and in vivo through systemic delivery. Here, we extended the observations by determining the optimal conditions for gene expression of D-SPM/plasmid DNA (D-SPM/pDNA) in cell lines and in the lungs of BALB/c mice via instillation delivery. In vitro studies showed that D-S...

Spermine (Spm), a potent bactericidal polyamine, exerts a strong synergistic effect with βlactams against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a pH-dependent manner. At high pH (>8) Spm is a potent nucleophile, and able to form Spm-β-lactam adduct. At physiological pH (or lower), Spm carries positive charges, and can bind to DNA through charge interactions. The potential of Spm...

A multilayer soil model is presented for improved estimation of soil moisture content using the first-order small perturbation method (SPM) applied to measurements of radar backscattering coefficient. The total reflection coefficient of the natural bare soil including volume scattering contribution is obtained using the multilayer model. The surface reflection terms in SPM model are replaced by...

Spermine (Spm) is thought to play an important role in drought or high-temperature (HT) tolerance. However, it is not clear whether Spm confers similar resistance in the presence of both drought and HT, which often occur simultaneously. In the present study, the trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) seedlings were pretreated with 1 mmol L-1 Spm to evaluate their tolerance to combine...

Rolling bearings are one of the most widely used elements in industrial applications. Shock pulse method (SPM) has proven successfully as a diagnostic tool in determining bearing health. On the basis of illustrating the principle of SPM, this paper mainly concentrates on investigating the effect of different operating conditions on SPM. The shock pulse signals are derived from the wind turbine ...