A 68-year-old male presented an unusual dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) located at the craniocervical junction. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed dilated perimedullary veins around the spinal cord at C-1 and C-2 levels, as well as high intensity signals in the spinal cord on T2-weighted images. Vertebral angiography identified an AVF at the point where the right vertebral artery penetrates ...

perimedullary venous drainage is known to cause slowly progressive ascending myelopathy involving first the lower limbs and then the upper limbs. Often sphincter disturbances are present (1, 2). Even though it cannot provide precise location of fistula, MRI appearance is virtually pathognomonic. A swollen cord with central myelopathy and engorged perimedullary veins are indicative of the diagno...

Subacute necrotizing myelopathy (SNM) or Foix-Alajouanine syndrome is a rare disease characterized by progressive neurological dysfunction caused by a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Radiological diagnosis is usually suspected when there is intramedullary nonspecific enhancement and perimedullary flow voids. Ring-enhancement is rarely reported in the scope of AVF, which poses a diagno...

We report a case of a small, isolated paraspinal arteriovenous fistula (AVF) that arose in an adult without obvious trauma. The fistula, despite its extraspinal location and small size, caused hypertension of the intrathecal venous system and produced symptoms that were similar to those of spinal dural AVF. Detecting such a small lesion is difficult, but contrast-enhanced MR imaging can prove h...

Non-traumatic dural arteriovenous fistula/malformation (dural AVF/AVM) presenting with pure subdural hematoma (SDH) is relatively rare. We report on a male patient who showed pure acute SDH and was diagnosed as having dural AVF on the convexity near the superior sagittal sinus (SSS), based on angiographic findings. A 27-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to headache with acute onset....

A 59-year-old woman presented with a rare middle fossa dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) unrelated to the cavernous sinus manifesting only as subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography revealed shunts between the meningeal branches of both the internal and external carotid arteries and the sphenobasal sinus. The AVF drained into the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV) which had a varix and an ana...

Dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is very rare, acquired lesion that may present with intracranial hemorrhage or neurological deficits. The etiology is not completely understood but dural AVF often has been associated with thrombosis of the involved dural sinuses. To our knowledge, this is the first well documented intracranial hemorrhage case caused by dural AVF following microvascular decompr...

Percutaneous transvenous embolization is one of the most effective treatments of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) involving the dural sinuses. We present a unique case of surgical transvenous embolization in a 48-year-old man with a dural AVF of the cavernous sinus who presented with intracerebral hematoma. The dural AVF drained only into the vein of the sylvian fissure on angio...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dural AVF is a vascular anomaly that rarely occurs in children and is best treated by endovascular embolization. We report our experience using various endovascular embolization techniques in the treatment of dural AVF in a pediatric population. METHODS Seven children with angiographically proven dural AVF were treated with endovascular embolization using microcoils, N-...

PURPOSE The classic symptoms and signs of carotid cavernous sinus fistula or cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) consist of eye redness, exophthalmos, and gaze abnormality. The angiography findings typically consist of arteriovenous shunt at cavernous sinus with ophthalmic venous drainage with or without cortical venous reflux. In rare circumstances, the shunts are localized outsi...