Introduction: Autophagy is a bulk degradation of subcellular constituents, and is activated in several neurodegenerative conditions [1]. Under stress conditions, the autophagic process can lead to non-apoptotic programmed cell death (type II programmed cell death) [2]. Beclin 1, a Bcl2 interacting protein, is known as a promoter of autophagy [3]. Previous research demonstrated that the expressi...

spinal cord injury (sci) leads to a significant health problem associated with a broad range of secondary complications and disabilities. in this regard, animal models can help us to understand the pathobiology of sci and evaluate the effects of potential treatments for sci. in contusion models of sci, different devices including surgical spring-loaded clips, balloons, forceps, weights and the ...

Citation: Takeda A, Shuto M and Funakoshi K (2018) Chondroitin Sulfate Expression in Perineuronal Nets After Goldfish Spinal Cord Lesion. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 12:63. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00063 Perineuronal nets (PNNs) surrounding neuronal cell bodies regulate neuronal plasticity during development, but their roles in regeneration are unclear. In the PNNs, chondroitin sulfate (CS) is assume...

We have previously demonstrated that enzymatic digestion of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) at the scar promotes the axonal regrowth of Clarke's nucleus (CN) neurons into an implanted peripheral nerve graft after hemisection of the spinal cord. The present study examined whether degradation of CSPG using chondroitinase ABC promoted the regeneration of CN neurons through the scar into th...

The injured adult mammalian spinal cord shows little spontaneous recovery after injury. In the present study, the contribution of projections in the dorsal half of the spinal cord to functional loss after adult spinal cord injury was examined, together with the effects of transgenic cellular delivery of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) on morphological and functional disturbances. Adult rats underwent bil...

25 The relationships between the stimulation frequency and the force developed by motor units 26 (MUs) of the medial gastrocnemius muscle were compared between intact rats and animals 27 after total transection or hemisection of the spinal cord at low thoracic level. The experiments 28 on functionally isolated MUs were carried out two weeks, one, three and six months after the 29 spinal cord in...

it has been shown that the immunophilin ligands have the special advantage in spinal cord repair. in this study, the effects of cyclosporine a (csa) on functional recovery and histological outcome were evaluated following spinal cord injury in rats. after spinal cord hemisection in thirty six adult female sprague-dawley rats (200- 250 g), treatment groups received csa (2.5 mg/kg i.p.) at 15min ...

Cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in devastating functional deficits that involve the respiratory and hand function. The mammalian spinal cord has limited ability to regenerate and restore meaningful functional recovery following SCI. Riluzole, 2-amino-6-trifluoromethoxybenzothiazole, an anti-glutamatergic drug has been shown to reduce excitotoxicity and confer neuroprotection at the...

We examined the effect of muscle basal lamina (MBL) with neural stem cells (NSCs) and olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) on spinal cord injury repair. Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to spinal cord hemisection and divided into 6 groups. In blank control group (group A), the ends of the spinal cord hemisection model were flushed with physiological saline. In NSC transplantation gr...