background :    although, nontuberculous mycobacteria can cause disease in different organisms, they usually are not reported in most countries because scientists in general consider them as non-pathogens. but, increasing nontuberculous mycobacteria diseases occurrence has changed this belief. nevertheless, there is no meta-analysis review about prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria in iran...

a simple, rapid new technique is described for the electrophoresis of hemo­globin when screening large human populations. the method uses a drop of finger tip's blood dried on a thick filter paper as the specimen. the simplicity of the sampling, tagging, transportation and electrophoresis, provides a reliable procedure for surveys of large population. in our hand 200 specimens were screened dur...

Background: The complexity of the preanalytical (PA) phase has precluded standardisation of PA processes, despite its impact on sample quality, laboratory effi ciency, or patient & healthcare worker safety. The BD Laboratory Consulting Services™ Preanalytical Review audits PA procedures and practices in hospitals in diff erent countries. Processes were assessed from storage of blood collection ...

conclusion according to the results of our series, percutaneous liver biopsy using the tru-cut biopsy gun guided by ultrasonography can be performed safely. we resolve that routine ultrasound of the puncture site is a quick, effective and safe procedure. the complication rate is very low. the us-assisted percutaneous liver biopsy should be used for all cases. results a total of 1018 patients we...

Flash−butt welded rail is widely used in railway transportation; however, the joint vulnerable after a long time of service, and its damage mechanism controversial. Here, tensile reciprocating friction tests were carried out to analyze mechanical tribological behaviors between base metal U75VG rail. The results show that flash−butt welding promotes pearlite transform into ferrite, leading relat...

This paper describes a test method which relies on the actual observation of supply current (I,,) waveforms. The method can be used to supplement the standard IDDe test method because it can 15e easily applied to dynamic logic circuits. The method allows us to detect faults which may not be detected by IDDe methods, and is sensitive enough to detect potential faults, which do not manifest thems...

The present paper reports the development of an in situ nanotensilometer that enables highly reliable mechanical tensile testing on individual micro-/nano-scale structures. The device features independent measurement of force and displacement histories in the specimen with nanoNewton force and sub-nanometer displacement resolutions, respectively. Moreover, the device is well suited for in situ ...

Trains are used as the fastest mode of transportation for both people and cargo. The train moves along a special path called “rail”, where fatigue can be accumulated due to wheel-rail contact load result continuous operation. Consistent regularly scheduled safety management is required since corrosion rate rails located on outside environment very high. Researchers have actively investigated de...

in this paper, we develop a freight transportation model for railway network considering hazmat transportation issue. in the transportation system considered, different customers can request for carrying hazmat and non- hazmat boxes. it is assumed that the sequence of the trains in the network is known. the objective is assigning the non-hazmat boxes and hazmat boxes to wagons of the trains so ...

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of apical terminus location of the root canal preparation on apical transportation in vitro. Materials and Method: Thirty extracted human maxillary first molars with mature apices were used. The mesiobuccal root of each tooth was mounted in a square piece of silicone leaving foramen on top. The specimens were randomly divided into 3 gro...