Background: The effect of ovariectomy and accompanying sudden loss of circulating gonad hormones on spatial learning performance in the young adult rats was examined. We hypothesized that spatial learning and memory in a considerable number of women who undergo a surgical menopause and estrogen deprivation before their natural menopause be impaired. Methods: In this study, we used 26 Wistar ra...

　Introduction: Previous studies have suggested that the cerebellum is a primary site of motor learning. The cerebellar cortex has a particular glial architecture with large astroglial cells. In addition, more recent works have revealed that astrocytes play a more active role in neuronal activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the number of astrocytes in the molecular layer of rat's cere...

introduction: the brain renin-angiotensin system (ras) has been reported having a pathological role in age-related impairment in learning and memory. therefore, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (acei) are expected to have positive effects on memory. longtime treatment with captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) significantly attenuates the age-related impairment in learn...

During a critical period of postnatal age sensory experience has a profound effect on maturation of visual cortical wiring. Electrophysiological evidence is indicating a substantial effect of visual deprivation on the visual cortical response properties. In this study we evaluated effect of light deprivation during a limited time of postnatal age on two aspects of spatial (working and reference...

bile duct ligation (bdl) is shown to induce cholestasis-related liver function impairments as well as consequent cognitive dysfunctions (i.e. impaired learning and memory formation). this study investigates the effects of cholestasis (14, 21 and 28 days post bile duct ligation) on spatial and non-spatial novelty detection, using a non-associative task. male mice weighing 30-35 g were used. chol...

During a critical period of postnatal age sensory experience has a profound effect on maturation of visual cortical wiring. Electrophysiological evidence is indicating a substantial effect of visual deprivation on the visual cortical response properties. In this study we evaluated effect of light deprivation during a limited time of postnatal age on two aspects of spatial (working and reference...

there are many discrepancies around the effect of sex hormones on spatial learning and memory in rodents. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of chronic administration of estradiol (es) and testosterone (tes) on spatial memory in adult castrated male rats. cholinesterase activity of the hippocampus in treated animals was also measured to seek if hormonal treatment can ch...

Introduction: The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been reported having a pathological role in age-related impairment in learning and memory. Therefore, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are expected to have positive effects on memory. Longtime treatment with captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) significantly attenuates the age-related impairment in learn...

background and objective: tamoxifen is one of the selective estrogen receptor modulators that exerts estrogen / anti-estrogen effects in various tissues. this study was done to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of tamoxifen on spatial memory and passive avoidance task in adult male wistar rats. methods: in this experimental study, 48 adult male wistar rats were randomly divided into...