OBJECTIVE Findings on spatial memory in depression have been inconsistent. A navigation task based on virtual reality may provide a more sensitive and consistent measure of the hippocampal-related spatial memory deficits associated with depression. METHOD Performance on a novel virtual reality navigation task and a traditional measure of spatial memory was assessed in 30 depressed patients (u...

This study explored spatial navigation alongside several other cognitive abilities that are thought to share common underlying neurocognitive mechanisms (e.g., the capacity for self-projection, scene construction, or mental simulation), and which we hypothesized may be impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twenty intellectually high-functioning children with ASD (with a mean age of ~8 yea...

A wide variety of insects use spatial memories in behaviours like holding a position in air or flowing water, in returning to a place of safety, and in foraging. The Hymenoptera, in particular, have evolved life-histories requiring reliable spatial memories to support the task of provisioning their young. Behavioural experiments, primarily on social bees and ants, reveal the mechanisms by which...

The goal of the present study was to examine the extent to which working memory supports the maintenance of object locations during active spatial navigation. Participants were required to navigate a virtual environment and to encode the location of a target object. In the subsequent maintenance period they performed one of three secondary tasks that were designed to selectively load visual, ve...

The authors describe 3 human spatial navigation experiments that investigate how limitations of perception, memory, uncertainty, and decision strategy affect human spatial navigation performance. To better understand the effect of these variables on human navigation performance, the authors developed an ideal-navigator model for indoor navigation whose optimizing algorithm uses a partially obse...

Neural scene representation and rendering methods have shown promise in learning the implicit form of structure without supervision. However, learned most existing is non-expandable cannot be inferred online for novel scenes, which makes difficult to applied across different reinforcement (RL) tasks. In this work, we introduce Scene Memory Network (SMN) achieve spatial memory construction expan...

Egocentric (self-centered) and allocentric (viewpoint independent) representations of space are essential for spatial navigation and wayfinding. Deficits in spatial memory come with age-related cognitive decline, are marked in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and are associated with cognitive deficits in autism. In most of these disorders, a change in the brain area...

background and objective: tamoxifen is one of the selective estrogen receptor modulators that exerts estrogen / anti-estrogen effects in various tissues. this study was done to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of tamoxifen on spatial memory and passive avoidance task in adult male wistar rats. methods: in this experimental study, 48 adult male wistar rats were randomly divided into...

Stress affects memory beyond hippocampus-dependent spatial or episodic memory processes. In particular, stress may influence also striatum-dependent stimulus-response (S-R) memory processes. Rodent studies point to an important role of glucocorticoids in the modulation of S-R memory. However, whether glucocorticoids influence S-R memory processes in humans is still unknown. Therefore, we examin...