the theory of natural movement was developed by hillier and hanson at 1984 and investigates the relation between social and spatial forms. hillier believes that space is the key aspect of how social and cultural worlds are made in the real world. hillier claims that social and spatial forms follow such a consistent pattern that spatial configuration determines social patterns such as land-use a...

Environmental psychology is one of the subjects that has currently attracted the attention of manypeople involved in education. Paying attention in school, work, and generally life environments in addition to otherelements, can play a significant role in attracting individuals and improving their lifestyle, education and work. Hence,tending to spatial elements in educational environments, espec...

spatial planning in border areas in iran because of long borders and settling more than half ofthe provinces in the country's international borders with neighbouring countries play particular role in the planningsystem. this article aims to clarify the position of border areas spatial planning in the country planning system,identifying its elements, elucidating how these elements relate to othe...

in this paper, we have tried to analyze and asses the process of formation and spatial – structural evolution of iranian-islamic cities through tehran case study as well as how to organize and effecting different factors specially modernism on urban elements. also we have discussed about formation and emergence of tehran and the effect of different pre modernism and postmodernism socio-economic...