The primary cement job is a critical step in successful well completion. To achieve effective cementing job, complete mud removal from the annular is recommended. Spacer and flushers are used widely to achieve this goal. This study is about weighted cement spacer systems containing a surfactant package, weighting agent and rheological modifiers. Weighted spacer systems are utilized when a high ...

David Churchill, Michael Buro [1 leave this spacer to make page count accurate] [2 leave this spacer to make page count accurate] [3 leave this spacer to make page count accurate] [4 leave this spacer to make page count accurate] [5 leave this spacer to make page count accurate] [6 leave this spacer to make page count accurate] [7 leave this spacer to make page count accurate] [8 leave this spa...

background: leishmaniasis is endemic in iran. different species of leishmania (l.) parasites are causative agents of this disease. correct identification of leishmania species is important for clinical studies, prevention, and control of the diseases. mix up of leishmania isolates is possible in the laboratory, so there is need for verification of species for isolates of uncertain identity. dif...

background: accurate identification of sheep nematodes is a critical point in epidemiological studies and monitoring of drug resistance in flocks. however, due to a close morphological similarity between the eggs and larval stages of many of these nematodes,such identification is not a trivial task. there are a number of studies showing that molecular targets in ribosomal dna (internal transcri...

With the financial protection of National Iranian Copper Industries Company, the composition of bacterial populations in Aliabad copper mine was investigated by electron microscopy and by analysis of DNA obtained from bacteria after ores laboratory cultures. This analysis consisted of the characterization of the spacer regions between the 16 and 23s genes in the bacterial rRNA genetic loci afte...

The cadaver spine motion segment behavior under torsional load was evaluated with the disc intact, with partial anterior discectomy and with spacer insertion. The results of this study explain how anterior lumbar discectomy and interbody fusion (ALIF) affects the torsional stability of the motion segment. The pseudarthrosis rate of the anterior lumbar discectomy and interbody fusion (ALIF)...

Although articulated cement spacers are frequently used in a staged approach of an infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA), no data are available on the incidence and type of spacer-related problems in these patients. A retrospective analysis of 154 patients who underwent a two-stage revision procedure for an infected TKA was performed. All patients received an articulating cement spacer at the ...

Background and Aim: Inappropriate transfer of pressure during final impression making in fabrication of complete denture can result in ridge resorption. This study aimed to assess the effect of vent size and spacer thickness on pressure produced during maxillary edentulous impression making by different impression materials in vitro. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried...

OBJECTIVE To verify the efficacy, side effects, and cost of treatment of acute asthma attacks, using different inhaler devices. METHODS This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Salbutamol was administered via a nebulizer, a metered-dose inhaler (attached to a commercially available spacer device), a homemade non-valved spacer device, or a dry powder inhaler. Assessments w...