Taxonomic relationships within the Old World fruit bat genus, Cynopterus, have been equivocal for the better part of a century. While nomenclature has been revised multiple times on the basis of phenotypic characters, evolutionary relationships among taxa representing the entire geographic range of the genus have not been determined. We used mitochondrial DNA sequence data to infer phylogenetic...

Using data derived from the deepest and finest angular resolution images of the universe yet acquired by astronomers at optical wavelengths using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in two postage-stamp sections of the sky (Williams et al. 1996a,b), plus simple geometrical and scaling arguments, we demonstrate that the faint blue population of point-source objects detected on those two fields (Mén...

Studies of microbial eukaryotes have been pivotal in the discovery of biological phenomena, including RNA editing, self-splicing RNA, and telomere addition. Here we extend this list by demonstrating that genome architecture, namely the extensive processing of somatic (macronuclear) genomes in some ciliate lineages, is associated with elevated rates of protein evolution. Using newly developed li...

The Stochastic Calculus of Wrapped Compartments (SCWC) is a recently proposed variant of the Stochastic Calculus of Looping Sequences (SCLS), a language for the representation and simulation of biological systems. In this work we apply SCWC to model a newly discovered ammonium transporter. This transporter is believed to play a fundamental role for plant mineral acquisition, which takes place i...

The idea of the South Asia Rinderpest Eradication Campaign (SAREC) evolved alongside similar campaigns in Africa (PARC) and West Asia (WAREC). In 1983, FAO organized an Expert Consultation on Requirements for the Rinderpest Eradication Campaign in South Asia, which was held in India. Following the consultation, FAO commissioned a team to visit the five countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Ne...

We present the main concepts, usage and implementation of SACO, a static analyzer for concurrent objects. Interestingly, SACO is able to infer both liveness (namely termination and resource boundedness) and safety properties (namely deadlock freedom) of programs based on concurrent objects. The system integrates auxiliary analyses such as points-to and may-happen-in-parallel, which are essentia...

a Ecosystem Earth Observation, Natural Resources and the Environment, CSIR, Pretoria, South Africa Corresponding author contact details: [email protected]; (+27)12 841 2233 b Remote Sensing Unit, Meraka Institute, CSIR, Pretoria, South Africa c Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA d Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management, University of New...

The transition between the two structural regimes of the Walker Lane and the Basin and Range allows for complex transtensional fault interactions. NWtrending dextral shear in the Walker Lane and WNW extension in the northern Great Basin imparts enhanced extension and pull-apart basins that bring about structural controls for geothermal systems. The Carson Sink is the surface expression of this ...

We present the data acquired by the TAROT automated observatory on the afterglow of GRB 020531. Up to now, no convincing afterglow emission has been reported for this short/hard GRB at any wavelength, including X-ray and optical. The combination of our early limits, with other published data allows us to put severe constraints on the afterglow magnitude and light curve. The limiting magnitude i...