Aspergillus oryzae grown in submerged and solid state fermentations revealed a number of differences in molecular and physiological aspects that are correlated with the different growth conditions. First, the aerial hyphae that occur only in solid state fermentation are mainly responsible for oxygen uptake. Second, solid state fermentation is characterised by gradients in temperature, water act...

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are biopolyesters stored as reserve source of energy by a great number of prokaryotes. It is stored as intracellular granules and during normal growth, its content in the cells usually does not reach high concentrations, usually in the range of 2–10 %, but the PHB contents can reach more than 80 % of the dry biomass if growth is limited by depletion of an essential nutriti...

Agro-industrial wastes are mainly composed of complex polysaccharides that might serve as nutrients for microbial growth and production of enzymes. The aim of this work was to study polygalacturonase (PG) production by Aspergillus niveus cultured on liquid or solid media supplemented with agro-industrial wastes. Submerged fermentation (SbmF) was tested using Czapeck media supplemented with 28 d...

Solid substrate cultures of moulds behave in quite a difTerent way to conventional submerged cultures. Catabolic repression often observed in submerged fermentation can easily be overcome by using solid state fermentation. A. niger strains can be grown by SSF technique with the following advantages: enzyme titres and productivity are usually higher; there is a tendency to early enzyme excretion...

Solid state fermentation (SSF) technology has been widely used in the industry over the last three decades. The advantages of SSF processes attract the researchers and industrialists to pay attention onto this system than the other fermentation systems even though there are some concerns in this system such as: problem in scale-up, higher requirement for controlling process, unavailability of d...

Mutants of Penicillium janthinellum NCIM 1171 were evaluated for cellulase production using both submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid state fermentation (SSF). Mutant EU2D-21 gave highest yields of cellulases in both SmF and SSF. Hydrolysis of Avicel and cellulose were compared using SmF and SSF derived enzyme preparations obtained from EU2D-21. Surprisingly, the use of SSF derived preparatio...

Aspergillus niger was used for cellulase production in submerged (SmF) and solid state fermentation (SSF). The maximum production of cellulase was obtained after 72 h of incubation in SSF and 96 h in Smf. The CMCase and FPase activities recorded in SSF were 8.89 and 3.56 U per g of dry mycelial bran (DBM), respectively. Where as in Smf the CMase & FPase activities were found to be 3.29 and 2.3 ...

The effects of catabolite repression of initial glucose on the synthesis of α-amylase from Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium griseofulvum were investigated under solid-state fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SmF) systems. The results obtained from either fermentation were compared with each other. In the SmF system, initial glucose concentration above 10 mg/mL completely repr...

The production of extracellular xylanase by a newly isolated fungus Simplicillium obclavatum MTCC 9604 was studied in solid-state and submerged fermentation. Multiple xylanases and endoglucanases were produced by the strain during growth on wheat bran in solid state fermentation (SSF). A single xylanase isoform was found to be produced by the same fungus under submerged fermentation (SF) using ...

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) processes involve the growth of microorganisms (typically fungi) on a solid material in the absence or near absence of free-flowing water. The wide range of solid materials used in SSF can be classified into two great categories: inert (synthetic materials) and non-inert (organic materials). The former only acts as an attachment place for the fungus, whereas the l...