The present study aims to study the sociological factors affecting the lifestyle of the youth. This research is a survey research in terms of control of the research conditions, and because it's done at a given time is a cross-sectional study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all young boys between 15 to 29 in Khalkhal who were 7149 persons according to the population and Ho...

BACKGROUND Population health planning aims to improve the health of the entire population and to reduce health inequities among population groups. Socioeconomic factors are increasingly being recognized as major determinants of many aspects of health and causes of health inequities. Knowledge of socioeconomic characteristics of neighbourhoods is necessary to identify their unique health needs a...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative socioeconomic costs of benign cranial base tumors treated with open surgery and gamma knife radiosurgery. METHODS In a retrospective study, we studied 174 patients with benign cranial base tumors, less than 3 cm in diameter (or volume less than 30 ml), admitted in the past 5 years. Group A (n = 94) underwent open surgery for removal...

OBJECTIVE The effectiveness of interventions which have been proposed or are currently in progress to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in health is largely unknown. This paper aims to develop guidelines for evaluating these interventions. APPROACH Starting from a set of general guidelines which was recently proposed by a group of experts reporting to the national Programme Committee on Socio...

OBJECTIVE Scientifically based injury prevention efforts have not been widely implemented in Latin America. This study was undertaken to evaluate the baseline knowledge and practices of childhood safety on the part of parents in Monterrey, Mexico and in so doing provide information on which to base subsequent injury prevention efforts. METHODS Interviews were carried out with parents from thr...

a diversification of the country’s export structure through the concerted development of its export-oriented manufacturing capacity could offer a viable alternative, as also stipulated in the country’s second socioeconomic and cultural development plan, by increasing the resilience of its economy against external shocks, supporting employment creation and technological innovation, and adding do...

Asthma prevalence in the United States has been reported to be higher in minority groups such as Blacks and Hispanics. Because a disproportionate number of individuals from such minority groups are of low socioeconomic status (SES), it is unclear how much of the racial/ethnic differences in asthma prevalence is related to low SES. We investigated the effect of SES on the relationship between ra...

The international surveys of pupil achievement – PISA, TIMSS, and PIRLS – have been widely used to compare socioeconomic gradients in children’s cognitive abilities across countries. Socioeconomic status is typically measured drawing on children’s reports of family or home characteristics rather than information provided by their parents. There is a well established literature based on other su...

In this paper, we present the use of sequential decision-making process simulations for base agents in our multi-agent based economic landscape (MABEL) model. The sequential decision-making process described here is a data-driven Markov-Decision Problem (MDP) integrated with stochastic properties. Utility acquisition attributes in our model are generated for each time step of the simulation. We...