Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and Cajal body-specific RNAs (scaRNAs) are named for their subcellular localization within nucleoli and Cajal bodies (conserved subnuclear organelles present in the nucleoplasm), respectively. They have been found to play important roles in rRNA, tRNA, snRNAs, and even mRNA modification and processing. All snoRNAs fall in two categories, box C/D snoRNAs and box H/...

RATIONALE Redox modifications play an important role in many cellular processes, including cell death. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has been shown to involve redox signaling. Protein S-nitrosylation (SNO) is increased following myocardial IPC, and SNO is thought to provide cardioprotection, in part, by reducing cysteine oxidation during ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. OBJECTIVE To test th...

Abstract Although tin monoxide (SnO) is an interesting compound due to its p -type conductivity, a widespread application of SnO has been limited by narrow band gap 0.7 eV. In this work, we theoretically investigate the structural and electronic properties several phases under high pressures through employing van der Waals (vdW) functionals. Our calculations reveal that metastable (β-SnO), whic...

Nitric oxide (NO) effects are often mediated via S-nitrosothiol (SNO) formation; SNO uptake has recently been shown to be mediated in some cell types via system L-type amino acid transporters (LAT-1, 2). Inhaled NO therapy may exert some biological effects via SNO formation. We therefore sought to determine if pulmonary epithelial SNO uptake depended on LAT or peptide transporter 2 (PEPT2). Bot...

Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous molecule involved in multiple cellular functions. Inappropriate production of NO may lead to disease states. To date, pharmacologically active compounds that release NO within the body, such as organic nitrates, have been used as therapeutic agents, but their efficacy is significantly limited by unwanted side effects. Therefore, novel NO donors with better phar...

BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) and related molecules are thought to inhibit human platelet aggregation by raising levels of cGMP. METHODS AND RESULTS Both oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species) and hemoglobin (Hb) seem to oppose NO effects. A major fraction of NO in the blood is bound to thiols of Hb, forming S-nitrosohemoglobin (SNO-Hb), which releases the NO group on deoxygenation in the ...

Protein S-nitrosation (SNO-protein), the nitric oxide-mediated posttranslational modification of cysteine thiols, is an important regulatory mechanism of protein function in both physiological and pathological pathways. A key first step toward elucidating the mechanism by which S-nitrosation modulates a protein's function is identification of the targeted cysteine residues. Here, we present a s...

The role of S-nitrosated hemoglobin (SNO-Hb) in the regulation of blood flow is a central and controversial question in cardiopulmonary physiology. In the present study, we investigate whether intact human red blood cells (RBCs) synthesized to contain high SNO-Hb levels are able to export nitric oxide bioactivity and vasodilate the pulmonary circulation, and whether SNO-Hb dependent vasodilatio...

We studied the structural behavior and electrical transport properties of epitaxial a-SnO thin films grown on the (1̄012) a-Al2O3 ~sapphire! substrate. Hall effect measurements revealed that the epitaxial as-deposited SnO film is a p-type semiconductor. In situ x-ray diffraction studies show that the a-SnO phase is metastable and will transform into SnO2 with the rutile type structure when annea...

Ordered SnO₂ nanostructures were prepared as humidity sensors by nanosphere lithography with the magnetron sputtering technique. The X-ray diffraction patterns of SnO₂ nanostructures show that all intense diffraction peaks correspond to the crystallographic planes of SnO₂. The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) mage shows that these SnO₂ nanostructures exhibited a classic honeycomb structure. The re...