Defense against a single predatory attack strategy may best be achieved not by a single trait but by a combination of different traits. We tested this hypothesis experimentally by examining the unique shell traits (the protruded aperture and the denticles within the aperture) of the micro land snail Bensonella plicidens. We artificially altered shell characteristics by removing the denticles an...

A 70-yr-old woman visited our hospital for shortness of breath. Chest CT showed ground glass opacity and traction bronchiectasis at right middle, lower lobe and left lingular division. Video-assisted thoracic surgical biopsy at right lower lobe and pathologic examination revealed mixed dust pneumoconiosis. Polarized optical microscopy showed lung lesions were consisted of silica and carbon mate...

A radiocarbon chronology has been developed using shell, bulk peat, and paired charcoal and pollen preparations from a peat and clay sequence in southwestern Australia. The results indicate the sequence is of Holocene age, and the mid-Holocene was a period of rapid sediment deposition. The earliest record is based on Bothriembyron sp. snail shell and there is a strong indication that the deposi...

5 Previous investigations on the military relevant metal, tungsten (W), have paved the way for further 6 exploration of its relevant environmental and biological pathways. This investigation presents the most 7 robust known trophic transfer study of W between plant and animal models. Steady state of W in 8 cabbage (Brassica oleracae) was reached at 114-days with a bioaccumulation factor (BAF) o...

Invasive species often exhibit either evolved or plastic adaptations in response to spatially varying environmental conditions. We investigated whether evolved or plastic adaptation was driving variation in shell morphology among invasive populations of the New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) in the western United States. We found that invasive populations exhibit considerable shel...

The effectiveness of Snail Shell as adsorbent for the treatment of wastewater from beverage industries, using Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) as activating agent has been investigated. The snail shells were pyrolysed at 500C and partitioned into two parts; one part as sample A and the other further treated with the activating agent as sample B. The samples were characterized for some important properti...

Length-frequency distribution, morphometry, length-weight relationship, relative condition factor and sex ratio of the apple snail Pila globosa (Swainson, 1822) were studied from river Ganga. A total 922 specimens collected during July 2020 to June 2021, ranging 3.53 62.99 g 16.49 59.78 mm (shell length). distribution revealed that more than 50% male female within 35 45 in length only few (1.58...

When a snail withdraws into its shell the only parts of the body left exposed to the air are a number of fleshy extensions of the mantle; the so-called mantle collar. This area of the body is a potentially serious source of water loss in the inactive terrestrial snail. The evaporation of water from active specimens of the common garden snail, Helix aspersa, is nearly identical to that from a fr...