sn-Glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase is responsible for the formation of sn-glycerol-1-phosphate, the backbone of membrane phospholipids of Archaea. This activity had never been detected in cell-free extract of Sulfolobus sp. Here we report the detection of this activity on the thermostable ST0344 protein of Sulfolobus tokodaii expressed in Escherichia coli, which was predicted from genomic in...

Sn-glycerol-3-phosphate accumulates during starch catabolism by intact isolated chloroplasts from Chlam ydom onas reinhardii in the dark. Further products detected mainly were 3-phosphoglyceric acid and triose phosphates with a ratio between 3-phosphoglyceric acid, sn-glycerol-3phosphate and triose phosphates of 1 .0 :0 .9 :0 .2 . The production of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate by a plastidic glycero...

A novel lysosomal phospholipase A(2) (LPLA2) with specificity toward phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine was previously purified and cloned. LPLA2 transfers sn-1 or sn-2 acyl groups of phospholipids to the C1 hydroxyl of the short-chain ceramide N-acetylsphingosine (NAS) under acidic conditions. The common features of lipophilic alcohols serving as acceptor molecules in the transac...

Homogeneous biosynthetic sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8) of Escherichia coli was potently inhibited by palmitoyl-CoA and other long chain acyl-CoA thioesters. The concentration dependence of this inhibition was not cooperative. Enzyme activity was inhibited 50% at 1 microM palmitoyl-CoA; thus, this inhibition occurred at concentrations below the critical micellar concentratio...

Homogeneous biosynthetic sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8) of Escherichia coli was potently inhibited by palmitoyl-CoA and other long chain acyl-CoA thioesters. The concentration dependence of this inhibition was not cooperative. Enzyme activity was inhibited 50% at 1 PM palmitoyl-CoA; thus, this inhibition occurred at concentrations below the critical micellar concentration of...

The partial purification (6-fold) and properties of a position and substrate specific acyl coenzyme A: sn-glycerol-3-P acyltransferase from rat liver mitochondria are described. The preparation is devoid of acyl-CoA:monoacylglycerol-3-P acyltransferase and lipid phosphomonoesterase activity. All of the glycerol-3-P acylated in the presence of pahnityl-CoA is identified as I-palmityl-sn-glycerol...

The glycosyltransferase family 21 (GT21) includes both enzymes of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Many of the eukaryotic enzymes from animal, plant, and fungal origin have been characterized as uridine diphosphoglucose (UDP-Glc):ceramide glucosyltransferases (glucosylceramide synthases [Gcs], EC 2.4.1.80). As the acceptor molecule ceramide is not present in most bacteria, the enzymatic sp...

The promoter-proximal gene (glpT) of the glpT-glpQ operon of Escherichia coli encodes a membrane permease responsible for active transport of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate. Promoter-distal glpQ encodes a periplasmic protein which is not required for active transport of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (Larson, T.J., Schumacher, G., and Boos, W. (1982) J. Bacteriol. 152, 1008-1021). This periplasmic protein ha...

Microsomal preparations from the developing cotyledons of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) catalyse the acylation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate in the presence of acyl-CoA. Under these conditions the radioactive glycerol in sn-glycerol 3-phosphate accumulates in phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, diacyl- and tri-acylglycerol. The incorporation of glycerol into phosphatidylcholine is via diacy...

A mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 defective in 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase has been isolated. At the permissive temperature for growth, 30 degrees C, 20% of the total cellular glycerophospholipids is 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate, as identified by mass spectral analysis and proton NMR. This percentage of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate rises to about 30% when the temperature ...