WH-words are not uniform in their syntactic behaviors. Adjunct WH-words such as HOW and WHY are said to be more restricted in their distribution than argument WH-words such as WHO and WHAT. It is observed, however, that HOW in some East Asian languages behaves more like argument WH-words and does not display ECP effects. In this paper, I try to account for the HOW vs. WHY difference in Korean. ...

This paper describes a deterministic method for generating natural language suited to being part of a machine translation system with meaning representations as the level for language transfer. Starting from Davidsonian/Penman meaning representations, syntactic trees are built following the Penn Parsed Corpus of Modern British English, from which the yield (i.e., the words) can be taken. The no...

This paper compares secondary predication constructions such as small clause complements, resultatives, and depictives in English and Korean. It argues that these two typologically different languages employ different modes of satisfying the Case Filter with regard to the Case of the subjects of small clauses. More specifically, it is argued that the subject of a small clause in English is Accu...

penalty clause or liquidated damage which is formerly agreed between parties is legally examined and accepted as a rule. although judge could in some circumstances modify this stipulation. yet its economic analysis which is focused on economic efficiency can be considered as a “major unexplained puzzle in the economic theory of law”. this article compares the major legal systems in the case of ...

It has been observed empirically that clause learning does not significantly improve the performance of a SAT solver when restricted to learning clauses of small width only. This experience is supported by lower bound theorems. It is shown that lower bounds on the runtime of width-restricted clause learning follow from resolution width lower bounds. This yields the first lower bounds on width-r...

Clause learning is a technique used by backtracking-based propositional satisfiability solvers, where some clauses obtained by analysis of conflicts are added to the formula during backtracking. It has been observed empirically that clause learning does not significantly improve the performance of a solver when restricted to learning clauses of small width only. This experience is supported by ...

We examine the impact of givenness on argument realization in a small text corpus of Yucatec folk narratives (660 clause-like units). We find that the default devices for the extension of topic chains are bare cross-reference markers. Weightier expressions – free pronouns, demonstrative proforms, clause-mate co-nominals, and left-dislocated pro-forms or nominals – are used for disambiguation am...

Pancheva (2009) argues that phrasal comparatives in Polish exhibit a subject-island effect. She proposes an account of the island effect as a combination of several factors: than has a small clause complement in phrasal comparatives; wh-movement turns the than-clause into a degree predicate; wh-movement of the vP subject is prohibited by an anti-locality constraint; sub-extraction of the vP sub...