Photosynthetic vegetation (PV) and non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV) are important ground cover types for desertification monitoring and land management. Hyperspectral remote sensing has been proven effective for separating NPV from bare soil, but few studies determined fractional cover of PV (f pv) and NPV (f npv) using multispectral information. The purpose of this study is to evaluate seve...

Spectral mixture analysis (SMA) is a common approach for parameterizing biophysical fractions of urban environment and widely applied in many fields. For successful SMA, the selection of endmember class and corresponding spectra has been assumed as the most important step. Thanks to the spatial heterogeneity of natural and urban landscapes, the variability of endmember class and corresponding s...

This research aims to utilize glycerin pitch waste as an alternative asphalt binder (extender) in Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixture. Glycerin (GP) is a by-product from crude glycerol refining process the palm oil oleochemical industry. The method was carried out by testing chemical and physical characteristics of GP comparing it pen 60/70, then based on rheology concrete characteristics. ANOVA...

The potential of Raman chemical imaging for simultaneously detecting multiple adulterants in milk powder was investigated. Potential chemical adulterants, including ammonium sulphate, dicyandiamide, melamine, and urea, were mixed together into skim dry milk in the concentration range of 0.1-5.0% for each adulterant. Using a 785-nm laser, a Raman imaging system acquired hyperspectral images in t...

In a multicomponent nematic liquid crystal (NLC) mixture of a liquid crystal (negative-type NLC) and a photosensitive acrylic prepolymer, photopolymerization upon UV irradiation induces the separation of the LC and photosensitive acrylic prepolymer layers, thereby leading to a vertical arrangement of LC molecules. In this study, we propose a simple vertical alignment method for LC molecules, by...

Since the 1960s, Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) pavement surfaces have been used successfully in Germany on heavily trafficked roads. Because of its excellent performance characteristics, road authorities in Germany as well as major European Countries quickly adopted SMA as a standard wearing course. As a consequence of an asphalt study tour in Europe of an American delegation in 1990, SMA test sec...

PURPOSE To determine whether basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-beta 2) influence the contractile activity and the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in bovine lens epithelial cells (LECs). To examine whether modulation of contractile activity by these growth factors depends on changes of alpha-SMA expression. METHODS Bovine LECs ...

Curved bridge deck pavement materials are easy to be damaged due their complex stress conditions. Hence, the application of a high-viscosity modified asphalt mixture in curved is studied this paper. Firstly, severity diseases on decks was introduced and compared with straight sections. Then, SBS-modified SMA-13, advantages HM-SMA-13 resistance deformation, water damage, shear fatigue were analy...

In this Rapid Communication, results on smectic layer thickness, using synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction, for different mixtures of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric liquid crystals are given. We find that with an increased ferroelectric component in the mixtures, the layer shrinkage at the de Vries SmA∗-SmC∗ transition increases. This observation can be used to explain our previously o...