We show that for certain hyperbolic manifolds all boundary slopes are slopes of π1-injective immersed surfaces, covered by incompressible embeddings in some finite cover. The manifolds include hyperbolic punctured torus bundles and hyperbolic two-bridge knots.

Introduction The field of cell-death research has matured since pioneering discoveries showed that apoptosis is regulated genetically. Although many of the core caspase-signalling pathways are known, some of the most basic aspects of the biochemistry of mitochondrial apoptosis induction have remained elusive and are, in certain cases, controversial. Research on the metabolic dysfunction that oc...

Although water vapor is the most important greenhouse gas, it is not even agreed whether an increase in its concentration due to global warming will cause more warming or cooling. Warming (a positive feedback) will occur if the biggest effect is to absorb more outgoing long-wave radiation. Cooling (a negative feedback) will occur if the major result is to form more clouds, which would reflect m...

In a bivariate data plot, every two points determine an “elementary slope.” For n points with distinct x-values, there are n(n – 1)/2 elementary slopes. These elementary slopes are examined under the two classical regression assumptions: (1) the regressor variable values are fixed and the error is independent and normal, and (2) the data is bivariate normal. For case (1), it is demonstrated tha...

For each prime number p which does not divide N there is a linear operator Tp acting on Sk(N,C), known as the p-th Hecke operator. (In fact, the Tp stabilize Sk(N,Q).) A modular form which is an eigenvector for all of these linear operators simultaneously is called an eigenform; the space Sk(N,C) has a basis made up of eigenforms, and the Fourier coefficients of these eigenforms can be normaliz...

classification and utilization of lands based on their capability are necessary for sustainable land use management. the purpose of this study was to identify and grade the effective qualities on the rainfed farming in the roin area, north khorasan province, during the year of 2011. based on field observations and literature review the land qualities including climate, rooting conditions, moist...

this paper discusses some of the fundamental considerations when managing mining slopes. the goal of management is to reduce all components that contribute to the geotechnical risk and by doing so reduce the risk to as low as reasonably achievable. the techniques and procedures suggested are not exhaustive; they represent a snapshot of some of the practical techniques the author has found usefu...

Let X be a norm curve in the SL(2,C)-character variety of a knot exterior M . Let t = ‖β‖/‖α‖ be the ratio of the Culler-Shalen norms of two distinct non-zero classes α, β ∈ H1(∂M,Z). We demonstrate that either X has exactly two associated strict boundary slopes ±t, or else there are strict boundary slopes r1 and r2 with |r1| > t and |r2| < t. As a consequence, we show that there are strict bou...

Prospective control of walking and running requires perceiving sloping surfaces that can and cannot support these activities. Two experiments on slant perception were conducted, motivated by the notion of geographical slant rather than optical slant, and by an affordance based description of surface layout. In Experiment 1, participants standing on a horizontal surface (the ground) adjusted the...