This article explores some of the recent debates over statues, memorials and cultures commemoration in New Zealand. These 'statue wars' are particularly focused on explorers, military men, colonial governors, even Queen Victoria herself, figures who seen as being deeply implicated production persistent inequalities pain that has resulted from colonialism empire. My analysis focuses city Tūranga...

Block-flexure is the most common mode of toppling failure in natural and excavated rock slopes. In such failure, some rock blocks break due to tensile stresses and some overturn under their own weights and then all of them topple together. In this paper, first, a brief review of previous studies on toppling failures is presented. Then, the physical and mechanical properties of experimental mode...

In one-component Abelian sandpile models, the toppling probabilities are independent quantities. This is not the case in multicomponent models. The condition of associativity of the underlying Abelian algebras imposes nonlinear relations among the toppling probabilities. These relations are derived for the case of two-component quadratic Abelian algebras. We show that Abelian sandpile models wi...

toppling failure is one of the most common modes of failure of rock slopes in layered rock strata. flexural toppling is one of the well-known modes of the failure. this type of failure occurs due to bending stress. in this article, a brief yet comprehensive review of toppling failure is presented. firstly, the conditions and general mechanism of the failure are described. then, experimental, th...

block-flexure is the most common mode of toppling failure in natural and excavated rock slopes. in such failure, some rock blocks break due to tensile stresses and some overturn under their own weights and then all of them topple together. in this paper, first, a brief review of previous studies on toppling failures is presented. then, the physical and mechanical properties of experimental mode...

We study an extension of the chip-firing game. A given set of admissible moves, called Yamanouchi moves, allows the player to pass from a starting configuration α to a further configuration β. This can be encoded via an action of a certain group, the toppling group, associated with each connected graph. This action gives rise to a generalization of Hall-Littlewood symmetric polynomials and a ne...

Abstract The motion of a toppling iPad is analyzed in detail. Measurements angular velocity and linear acceleration were made for about the edges corners. From analysis velocity, position center mass gyration radii determined. accelerometer was measured using both centrifugal Euler acceleration, with latter measurement providing more accurate data. This experiment could be used first year unive...

The purpose of this study is to identify the leading causes slope instability along a local highway in Anhui, People’s Republic China. As part east expansion project, mountain range will be excavated create two-way, nearly 30 m wide highway. site’s topography consists hill with palm-shaped faces carved from limestone running its sides. geological characteristics and stability research area high...

• Artificial intelligence methods can classify landslide type for national scale inventories. The classification relies on Digital Elevation Models and shape related parameters. spatial distribution of the landslides is considered as an important feature. data-driven does not require any rule setting by user. Classification essential step in risk management, although often missing large Here we...