OBJECTIVE The paper goes through the basic knowledge about classification of sleep stages from polysomnographic recordings. The next goal was to review and compare a large number of measures to find the suitable candidates for the study of sleep onset and sleep evolution. METHODS AND MATERIAL A huge number of characteristics, including relevant simple measures in time domain, characteristics ...

OBJECTIVE To elucidate characteristic sleep architecture of different nocturnal sleep patterns in early infancy. METHODS Participants were 27 infants at the same conceptional age of 3-4months. Nocturnal sleep of these infants was monitored at home by simultaneously using actigraphy and a one-channel portable EEG device. According to the infants' activity for 6h from sleep onset, each night's ...

BACKGROUND Approximately one-third of the human lifespan is spent sleeping. To diagnose sleep problems, all-night polysomnographic (PSG) recordings including electroencephalograms (EEGs), electrooculograms (EOGs) and electromyograms (EMGs), are usually acquired from the patient and scored by a well-trained expert according to Rechtschaffen & Kales (R&K) rules. Visual sleep scoring is a time-con...

The present work deals with the automatic detection of the sleep stages from the singlechannel EEG data. Various stages of sleep are Awake, sleep stage 1, 2, 3 and 4 and rapid eye movement. Statistical attributes are extracted with the help of Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition, Hjorth parameter and zero-crossing rate. Ten-cross fold classification process is followed after best ranked attri...

BACKGROUND This study was undertaken to compare the sleep profiles of healthy infants in swaddling and sleeping bag conditions. METHODS Polysomnographs of 85 healthy infants (40 in the study group, 45 in the control group) with a mean age of 7.5 weeks were recorded in the sleeping laboratory. A positive decision from the local Ethics Committee and the written consent of the parents were obtai...

OBJECTIVE To objectively record sleep patterns in intensive care unit patients using the Bispectral Index as an electroencephalographic measure of sleep and to determine if the sleep pattern is correlated with various clinical factors. METHODS Adult intensive care patients were recruited who were in the recovery phase of their illness and on minimal sedation. The sleep pattern was examined us...

Human studies of sleep and cognition have established thatdifferent sleep stages contribute to distinct aspects of cognitive and emotional processing. However, since the majority of these findings are based on single-night studies, it is difficult to determine whether such effects arise due to individual, between-subject differences in sleep patterns, or from within-subject variations in sleep ...

Sleep quality is important, especially given the considerable number of sleep-related pathologies. The distribution of sleep stages is a highly effective and objective way of quantifying sleep quality. As a standard multi-channel recording used in the study of sleep, polysomnography (PSG) is a widely used diagnostic scheme in sleep medicine. However, the standard process of sleep clinical test,...

OBJECTIVE Several factors, such as homeostatic and circadian influences, may affect the density of cortical and subcortical arousals (AR). The purpose of this study was to examine the time-of-night and the first night effect on AR response. METHODS AR were classified into microarousals (MA), phases of transitory activation (PAT), delta (D-burst) and K-complex burst (K-burst). The AR density a...

Research in recent years has supported the hypothesis that many properties of the electroencephalogram (EEG) are specific to an individual. In this study, the intra- and inter-individual variations of sleep EEG signals were investigated. This was carried out by analyzing the stability of the average EEG spectra individually computed for the Rechtschaffen and Kales (RK) sleep stages. Six EEG cha...