ethosomes are a novel and alternative drug delivery systems and currently the focus of many research activities. ethosomes are soft, flexible vesicles that are composed mainly of phospholipids, ethanol and water. ethosomes can provide better skin permeation than liposomes and deliver enhanced amounts of both small and large therapeutic agents through skin and targeting to deeper skin layers for...

Drug-induced cutaneous rashes, whether confined to the skin or part of a systemic disease, are characterised by a spectrum of inflammatory disease patterns that include perivascular dermatitis, nodular and diffuse dermatitis, vesiculobullous lesions, pustular eruptions, sclerodermoid reactions, vasculitis, folliculitis/perifolliculitis and panniculitis. While a single drug can elicit a range of...

Background: Cutaneous drug reaction seems to be relatively common The aim of the study was to recognize offending drugs, evaluate patients' characteristics and educate the patients to avoid selfadministration and re-administration of drugs. Methods: We retrospectively and prospectively analyzed data from Sina hospital in Tabriz (2000-2005) to determine the number of hospitalizations and visits ...

severe adverse drug reactions are an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. despite this, few reports in the literature describe it. this study was designed to evaluate the admitted pediatric patients due to adverse drug reactions. this retrospective study was conducted at pediatric ward of besat hospital. the records of hospitalized patients that admitted with diagnosis of adver...

Background Skin tests are important in the investigation of hypersensitivity drug reactions (HDR), particularly when betalactams are involved. However, the sensitivity decreases with time. It has been described that skin tests become negative about five years after a betalactam hypersensitivity reaction. We report a patient with persistence of a positive skin test twenty five years after an ana...

conclusion skin test anergy is uncommon among drug users and the ppd skin test may be reliably used for the identification of latent tb infection in the population. results a total of 221 patients (216 male, mean age 43.5 ± 14.3 years) were studied. tuberculin skin test results showed that 87 subjects (39.4%) tested positive for tb reactivity. reactivity to tetanus and candida antigens were obs...

Background We experienced a rare case of immediate type hypersensitivity and late phase reaction to anti-tubercular therapy consisting of ethambutol and levofloxacin, which occurred in close succession, giving the appearance of a single, continuous reaction to one drug. Case presentation The patient was a man in his 70's who began therapy consisting of isoniazide, rifampicin, and ethambutol f...