PURPOSE During fixation and saccades, human eye movements obey Listing's law, which specifies the torsional eye position for each combination of horizontal and vertical eye positions. To study the mechanisms that implement Listing's law, the authors measured whether the law was violated in peripheral and central unilateral sixth nerve palsy. METHODS Twenty patients with peripheral (13 chronic...

Dengue fever is a common mosquito-borne viral infection endemic in tropical and subtropical countries. Neurological manifestations in dengue infection are relatively uncommon, and include encephalitis, encephalopathy, neuromuscular disorders and neuro-ocular disorders. Cranial mononeuropathy is a rare manifestation of dengue infection. A 40-year-old man was diagnosed with isolated, unilateral s...

purpose: to report the outcomes of surgical and non-surgical treatment for sixth nerve palsy and paresis in our center. methods: hospital records of 33 patients (35 eyes) with sixth nerve dysfunction who were referred to labbafinejad medical center from september 1996 to september 2006 and underwent surgical procedures or botulinum toxin injection were reviewed. results: patients were divided i...

Sixth nerve palsy can occur as a result of elevated intracranial pressure, neoplasm or trauma. Reports from tertiary centres indicate that between 5% and 16% of referred cases have no ascribed aetiology and are classified as benign. Rarely, these benign palsies can recur. A retrospective chart review of a cohort of 253 paediatric patients with sixth nerve palsies was analysed and uncovered 30 c...

Benign recurrent sixth nerve palsy in children is rare. It typically occurs following viral illness or immunization, and prognosis is usually excellent. However, it is always a diagnosis of exclusion given the more serious alternative causes. Therefore, a thorough examination with brain imaging is recommended. The authors report a child with six recurrent episodes of isolated benign sixth nerve...

Oculomotor palsy is one of the most frequent neuro-ophthalmologic complications in patients with diabetes. Specifically, sixth nerve common. A 51-year-old female a past medical history type 1 diabetes on insulin and hypertension presented complaints worsening headache diplopia. Physical exam was remarkable for recurrent palsy. Patient hemodynamically stable. Labs showed blood glucose 367 mg/dL ...

Palsies of cranial nerves are well-known complications after lumbar puncture. Sixth nerve palsies are the most common. They normally occur 4 to 14 days after the lumbar puncture and spontaneously recover in a few weeks or months. The occurrence of a fourth nerve palsy following lumbar puncture however is extremely rare. We report on a patient who developed a combined contralateral fourth and si...

Five adults with acute extraocular muscle palsies followed by limited recovery of muscle function were treated with injections of botulinum toxin A to the ipsilateral antagonist of the affected muscle. Three were cases of unilateral sixth nerve palsy, one of bilateral sixth nerve palsy, and one of third nerve palsy. After a period of paralysis, during which the strabismus was overcorrected, the...

Isolated sixth nerve palsy associated with pontine infarct is very rare due to close anatomic organization of the structures. A 62-year-old woman, who complained of diplopia, had a diagnosis of sixth nerve palsy. Ophthalmological examination revealed 30 PD left esotropia in primary position with limited abduction of the left eye. Neurologic examination was normal. MR showed a lacunar infarct in...