Abstract Nonlinear properties and natural uncertainties in the rainfall–runoff process, necessity of extensive data, complexity physical models have caused researchers to use methods inspired by nature such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, genetic algorithms (GA). The main purpose this study was estimate runoff employing Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) GA using access...

Drought induced stress is one of the most significant environmental challenges. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of drought stress on crop yield and antioxidant systems during the vegetative period of wheat. The study was carried out in a greenhouse using factorial experiment based on complete randomized block design (RCBD) in three replications in Razi University in Iran from 20...

pathogenicity of wheat stem rust was investigated during two cropping seasons of the years 2010 and 2011. towards this end, 47 isogenic lines of wheat stem rust along with 43 cultivars/lines of the crop were tested in field conditions (natural infection) and also in the greenhouse conditions. the results showed, similarity of pathogenicity for plants carring gene/s sr7b, sr8a, sr8b, sr9b, sr9d,...

wetlands, national parks and wildlife refuges are the most important ecological capitals, so inform of their change has main role in quality of management of such area. having new information of their changes helps us to find causes of changes and plans and policies that needed. remote sensing data are one of the most important and best sources for changes monitoring especially in environment. ...

the aim of this research was to evaluate the average concentrations of micronutrients including: copper (cu), iron (fe), manganese (mn) and zinc (zn) in the shoots of different cultivars of wheat in stem elongation stage in a soil contaminated with cadmium (cd). the treatments consisted of three levels of cd (0 (as control, cd0), 40 (cd40) and 80 (cd80) mg cd/kg soil) and fourteen different cul...

in order to study the effect of compost and salinity stress on seedling growth and generative traits of wheat (sivand cultivar) a pot experiment was conducted based on complete randomized design arranged in factorial with six replications at the research greenhouse, faculty of agriculture, mashhad branch, islamic azad university, mashhad, iran, during in cropping season 2013-2014. factors were ...

every year the entrance of factory wastes such as shiraz petrochemical complex, marvdasht sugar cube factory, and charmineh factory, and other industrial units into the kor and sivand rivers and also the entrance of the marvdasht and zarghan city sewer system wastes into the kor river and the use of their water in the cultivation of the rice has caused a significant increase in the lead and cad...