The Differential Code Biases (DCB), which are also termed hardware delay biases, are the frequency-dependent time delays of the satellite and receiver. Possible sources of these delays are antennas and cables, as well as different filters used in receivers and satellites. These instrumental delays affect both code and carrier measurements. These biases for satellites and some IGS stations tend ...

in this thesis, barium ferrite nano particles were prepared by sol-gel method. their structural and magnetic properties of samples have been investigated using thermo gravimetric analysis (tg-dta), x-ray powder diffractometer (xrd), fourier transform infrared (ftir), scanning electron microscopy (sem), field emission scanning electron microscopy (fesem), ac susceptometer, vibrating sample magne...