today one of the major questions in the iranian economy is that do liquidity injected into the economy more effected productive activities or speculative activities .this study was conducted to compare the effects of liquidity growth on real sector and assets market bubbles in iranian economy during the period 1994(2)-2012(1). for this purpose, price index of four major assets in iranian econom...

A system of nonlinear biomass component equations was developed for slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) trees using an econometric approach in which endogenous right-hand-side variables were included some equations. The fitted to data from 306 sampled the southeastern United States with weighted two-stage (2SLS) and three-stage (3SLS) least squares full information maximum-likel...

We study several methods of constructing confidence sets for the coefficient of the single right-hand-side endogenous variable in a linear equation with weak instruments. Two of these are based on conditional likelihood ratio (CLR) tests, and the others are based on inverting t statistics or the bootstrap P values associated with them. We propose a new method for constructing bootstrap confiden...

What is the weak instruments (WI) problem and what causes it? Universal agreement does not exist on these questions. We define weak instruments by two features: (1) 2SLS is badly biased toward the OLS estimate and alternative “unbiased” estimators such as LIML may not solve the problem and (2) the standard (first order) asymptotic distribution does not give an accurate framework for inference. ...

This paper uses the data of 30 provincial-level panel in China to establish a dynamic simultaneous equations model. The system generalized moment estimation (sysgmm) and three-stage least squares (3SLS) are used estimate test robustness model, respectively, study relationship between financial competition industrial agglomeration. results show that: (1) there is bidirectional causal Financial t...

Purpose Going beyond the traditional approach of formal and informal institutions as antecedents entrepreneurship (directly) development (indirectly), this paper seeks to explore knowledge a necessary input for societies. Design/methodology/approach Institutional economics lenses are utilized observe other factors (e.g. number R&D staff researchers from public sector) that involve laws soci...

We use U.S. county data (3,058 observations) and 41 conditioning variables to study growth and convergence. Using ordinary least squares (OLS) and three-stage least squares with instrumental variables (3SLS-IV), we report on the full sample and metro, nonmetro, and and regional samples: (1) OLS yields convergence rates around 2%; 3SLS yields 6%–8%; (2) convergence rates vary (for example, the S...

Determine the main factors affecting carbon emissions of Chinese steel industry is indispensable commitments to achieve sustainable development China. Hereby, based on Stochastic Impacts by Regression Population, Affluence and Technology (STIPRAT) model, this paper combines economic growth function, emission production FDI function industry, uses three-stage least square equation model (3SLS) a...