We report on microwave measurements of superconducting aluminum hot-electron bolometers (Al HEBs). Diffusion-cooled Al HEB mixers are good candidates for spaceborne applications in the Terahertz frequency range since they are predicted to have small local oscillator (LO) power requirements, intermediate frequency (IF) bandwidths 10 GHz, and a noise temperature lower than that of Nb and NbN HEBs...

We have studied the hybridization of target DNA in solution with probe DNA on magnetic beads immobilized on the channel sidewalls in a magnetic bead separator. The hybridization is carried out under a liquid flow and is diffusion limited. Two systems are compared: one with a straight microfluidic channel and one with an integrated staggered herringbone mixer. Fluorescence microscopy studies sho...

An active inline mixer, called Rotating Arc-Wall mixer (RAW), suitable for flows at low Reynolds number and high P\'eclet number, is studied. The forcing protocol, imposed by three rotating circular arc-walls, time periodic. We use simple phenomenological arguments to estimate heuristically the mixing efficiency with two nondimensional control parameters: frequency of strength cross flow relati...

Sine-shaping of feedback DAC current in continuous-time Σ∆ ADCs is an effective solution to enhance their immunity to clock jitter. In this paper, a simple mixer circuit for producing a sine-shaped output in continuous-time Σ∆ ADCs is introduced. The proposed solution does not need extra clock source or synchronization circuit, as the mixer utilizes the same clock applied to the comparator. It ...

Proposed receiver cartridges for ALMA may utilize up to 96 wires for SIS mixer bias, IF amplifier bias, thermometry and other functions [1]. To reduce heating of the mixer block and minimize the load on the 4 K refrigerator stage, heat sinks will be required on the 80 K, 12 K and 4 K stages. The present concept for the receiver cartridges requires disassembly of each thermal stage to effect rep...

A time-varying theory of Volterra series is developed and applied in the sampled-data domain to solve for harmonic and intermodulation distortion of a MOS-based track-and-hold sampling mixer with a nonzero fall-time LO waveform. Distortion due to sampling error is also calculated. These results, when combined with the continuous-time solution, quantify harmonic and intermodulation distortion of...

This paper presents a qualitative control of a fluid mixer, which is a multivariable and intrinsically non-linear plant. The mixer has as inputs two fluids of different colours and the output is the colour of the resulting mix. The control system consists of two independent fuzzy controllers which are responsible for maintaining the water level at a given height and for adjusting the colour of ...

The ALMA Band 6 (211-275 GHz) receivers use sideband-separating SIS mixer-preamplifiers with dual 4-12 GHz IF outputs. The sideband-separating mixers are of the phasing type, with the LO driving two component mixers in-phase and the RF signal connected to the mixers through a quadrature hybrid. The IF outputs of the mixers are amplified, then combined in a quadrature hybrid which separates the ...

The ALMA Band 6 (211-275 GHz) receivers use sideband-separating SIS mixer-preamplifiers with dual 4-12 GHz IF outputs. The sideband-separating mixers are of the phasing type, with the LO driving two component mixers in-phase and the RF signal connected to the mixers through a quadrature hybrid. The IF outputs of the mixers are amplified, then combined in a quadrature hybrid which separates the ...

We present a simple, yet flexible microfluidic mixer with a demonstrated mixing time as short as 80 ms that is widely accessible because it is made of commercially available parts. To simplify the study of fast protein dynamics, we have developed an inexpensive continuous-flow microfluidic mixer, requiring no specialized equipment or techniques. The mixer uses three-dimensional, hydrodynamic fo...