This paper addresses the mitigation of medical errors due to the confusion of sound-alike and look-alike drug names. Our approach involves application of two new methods— one based on orthographic similarity (“lookalike”) and the other based on phonetic similarity (“sound-alike”). We present a new recall-based evaluation methodology for determining the effectiveness of different similarity meas...

Brand name confusion is one of the most common causes of drug-related errors. The aim of this study was to develop quantitative measures of similarity among brand names of drugs. We modified the fragmentary pattern-based measure, a measure of similarity for character strings based on the string resemblance system, to develop three novel measures of similarity, i.e., the head and tail-weighted f...

In this paper, we focus on the problems associated with error correction of automatic speech recognition (ASR) based on confusion networks. The problems discussed are the availability of corpus in terms of calculating the semantic score and performance degradation for error correction usingN -gram due to the null transitions in the confusion networks. In attempt to solve these problems, first, ...

UNLABELLED We compared methods for predicting and understanding the source of confusion errors during military vehicle identification training. Participants completed training to identify main battle tanks. They also completed card-sorting and similarity-rating tasks to express their mental representation of resemblance across the set of training items. We expected participants to selectively a...

Recent evidence suggests that the monkey's short-term memory in audition depends on a passively retained sensory trace as opposed to a trace reactivated from long-term memory for use in working memory. Reliance on a passive sensory trace could render memory particularly susceptible to confusion between sounds that are similar in some acoustic dimension. If so, then in delayed matching-to-sample...

The constant-ratio rule (CRR) and four interpretations of R. D. Lute’s (In R. D. Lute, R. R. Bush, & E. Galanter (Eds.), Handbook ofmathematicalpsychology (Vol. 1). New York: Wiley, 1963) similarity choice model (SCM) were tested using an alphabetic confusion paradigm. Four stimulus conditions were employed that varied in set size (three, four or five stimulus elements) and set constituency (bl...

Japanese kanji recognition experiments are typically narrowly focused, and feature only native speakers as participants. It remains unclear how to apply their results to kanji similarity applications, especially when learners are much more likely to make similarity-based confusion errors. We describe an experiment to collect authentic human similarity judgements from participants of all levels ...

Japanese kanji recognition experiments are typically narrowly focused, and feature only native speakers as participants. It remains unclear how to apply their results to kanji similarity applications, especially when learners are much more likely to make similarity-based confusion errors. We describe an experiment to collect authentic human similarity judgements from participants of all levels ...

A-S consumers are provided with ever-increasing amounts of information from more products sold through more channels and promoted in more ways, the notion of marketplace confusion is becoming Increasingly important. From the extant literature, we propose and define three types of confusion resulting from brand similarity, information load, and misleading or ambiguous information. This latter ty...

The present study deals with the determination of zygosity in twins of childhood age by simple questionnaire. The subjects were 224 twin pairs and their mothers, consisting of 159 monozygotic and 65 same-sex dizygotic pairs, identified by genetic markers including DNA samples. Mothers of twins responded to 19 questionnaire items dealing with twin similarity in 16 items about physical features a...