the effect of silence in civil litigation is important in two cases: the silence of litigants (plaintiff and defendant) and silence in evidence of proof of claim. although the general rule is that silence cannot express the will and, therefore, is not entitled to the legal effects and any responsibility, but the silence of plaintiff and defendant has been deemed refusal and it has legal effect....

Background. There is a limited number of studies investigating the relationship between organizational commitment and organizational silence, especially in the sports sector. Objectives. This study aims to examine the effects of organizational silence perception on organizational commitment behaviors of employees in the sports sector in Istanbul. Methods. The participants of this study were 2...

Introduction: The lack of expressing an opinion in employees working in organizations can cause a phenomenon called organizational silence. Organizational silence has a damaging effect on employee’s productivity. The importance of organizational sound and silence in organizational performance is currently one of the fundamental organizational challenges. Method: In this was descriptive study, ...

1. introduction cultural infrastructure in adopting appropriate teaching and learning methods in efl classes is crucial. the meaning of silence is culture-bound and cultural guidelines govern when and why one employs silence. learning to speak and write in english in iranian efl classrooms seems to be a process of challenging one’s values. iranian efl learners, with a “silence is gold” mentalit...

Today, organizations are witnessing a destructive phenomenon called enterprise silence. The refusal of employees to provide their ideas and about organizational issues, ultimately leads to organizational degration and recession. This research intends to identify the factors that affect silence in organizations in order to come up with the best solutions to resolve this problem. This is an appli...