Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is a member of aldehyde family with a simplest organic molecule, used in various industries. Since there is simultaneous exposure of formaldehyde and noise for workers in most of the workplaces and that noise can reinforce the harmful effects of some chemical pollutants. This study aimed to investigate the effects of simultaneous formaldehyde and noise exposure on ...

background: formaldehyde (h2c = o), is a member of aldehyde family with a simplest organic molecule, used in various industries. the aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of simultaneous formaldehyde and noise exposure on hormonal pituitary-gonadal axis in adult male mice. methods: 46 adult male mice were randomly assigned to one control group and three experimental grou...

background: this study aims to investigate the patterns of bioaccumulation and depuration of copper in the selected kidney and liver of capoeta fusca. methods: the fish were collected between september and november 2010 from a qanat in birjand. they were exposed to two types treatments with copper (0.25 and 0.75 mg/l) for a period of 41 days. the fish under study were exposed to the above-menti...

background: we aimed to evaluate effect of euphorbia royleana exposure on histocytology of corpuscles of stannius in fish, heteropneustes fossilis. methods: fish were subjected to 2.47 mg/l and 0.618 mg/l of e. royleana for short-term and long-term exposure, respectively. blood samples were collected on 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in short-term and after 7, 14, 21, and 28 d in long-term experiment and ...

Background: Cadmium toxicity has been shown in aquatic animals but the effect on frog’s endocrine glands is not known. We investigated the effects of cadmium on ultimobranchial and parathyroid glands of Indian skipper frog, Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis. Methods: Frogs were exposed to cadmium chloride for short and long terms and sacrificed after 24, 48, 72 or 96 h (short-term) and after 5, 10, 1...

introduction: the effects of electromagnetic fields on biological organisms have been a controversial and also interesting debate over the past few decades, despite the wide range of investigations, many aspects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (elf/emfs) effects including mechanism of their interaction with live organisms and also their possible biological applications still r...

Introduction: In recent years, we have seen a tremendous growth in communications devices, such as mobiles and tablets. Also, the appeal to connect to the Internet through wireless systems has increased significantly. Given these changes in everyday life, the approach to cognitive works and problem-solving and decision-making in a complex system that has become increasingly imp...