The critical subject of transverse crack detection in a rail head is treated in this paper. Conventional bulk wave ultrasonic techniques often fail because of shelling and other surface imperfections that shield the defects that lie below the shelling. A guided wave inspection technique is introduced here that can send ultrasonic energy along the rail under the shelling with a capability of fin...

We explore antimatroids, also known as shelling structures, a construct used to formalize when greedy (local) algorithms are optimal, as well as their relation to the strong measure of progress P introduced in (Parmar 2002b). We begin with an example from the map coloring domain to spark the reader’s intuitions, and then move towards a more general application of shelling to the strong measure ...

The accurate description of protein-protein interfaces remains a challenging task. Traditional criteria, based on atomic contacts or changes in solvent accessibility, tend to over or underpredict the interface itself and cannot discriminate active from less relevant parts. A recent molecular dynamics simulation study by Mihalek and co-authors concluded that active residues tend to be ‘dry’, tha...

A total order of the facets of a polytope is a geometric shelling if there exists a combinatorially equivalent polytope in which the corresponding order of facets becomes a line shelling. The subject of this paper is (geometric) shellings of 3-polytopes. Recently, a graph theoretical characterization of geometric shellings of 3-polytopes were given by Holt & Klee and Mihalisin & Klee. We rst gi...

Geometric lattices are characterized as those finite, atomic lattices such that every atom ordering induces a lexicographic shelling given by an edge labeling known as a minimal labeling. Equivalently, geometric lattices are shown to be exactly those finite lattices such that every ordering on the join-irreducibles induces a lexicographic shelling. This new characterization fits into a similar ...

peanuts, an oilseed crop, contain about 46% oil. the peanut shell can be used as fuel or pallets and its dry matter as feedstuff. the whole pods consist of 1-6 kernels. shelling is done at harvest time when the pod moisture content is 5-10%. in this research, a peanut sheller was designed and developed to separate the shell from the pod. the sheller included a hopper, sheller cylinder, concave,...

The importance of maize (Zea mays) in Ugandan economy has been increasing since 1990’s. The crop is grown for both local and foreign markets by mainly small-scale farmers. The bulk of the crop is shelled using the rudimentary traditional methods, which have low productivity and result into maize grain of low market value. Earlier studies conducted by Agricultural Engineering and Appropriate Tec...

A Rice Sheller is used for obtaining polished white rice from paddy. There are about 3000 Rice Shellers in Punjab and 50000 in India. During the process of shelling lot of dust is emitted from different unit operations like paddy silo, paddy shaker, bucket elevators, huskers, paddy separator etc. These dust emissions have adverse effect on the health of the workers and the wear and tear of the ...

The accurate description and analysis of protein-protein interfaces remains a challenging task. Traditional definitions, based on atomic contacts or changes in solvent accessibility, tend to over- or underpredict the interface itself and cannot discriminate active from less relevant parts. We here extend a fast, parameter-free and purely geometric definition of protein interfaces and introduce ...

All dissections of a convex (mn + 2)-gons into (m + 2)-gons are facets of a simplicial complex. This complex is introduced by S. Fomin and A.V. Zelevinsky in [7]. We reprove the result of E. Tzanaki about shellability of such complex by finding a concrete shelling order. Also, we use this shelling order to find a combinatorial interpretation of h-vector and to describe the generating facets of ...