Economic optimization of shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) is presented in this paper. To increase the rate of heat transfer, copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticle is added into the tube side fluid and their optimum results are compared with the case of without additive nanoparticle. Total annual cost (TAC) is selected as fitness function and nine decision variables related to the heat exchanger p...

Background: Heat exchanger is a device in many industrial applications and energy conversion systems. Various heat exchangers are designed for different industrial processes and applications. Shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) has its own importance in the process industries. Methods: Experimental and numerical simulations are carried for a single shell and multiple pass heat exchangers with ...

Temperature of fluid stream through tube is a key variable in shell and tube heat exchanger. However, this variable is not easy to measure straightly. Therefore, a state observer is designed to estimate the tube temperature variable for direct control of shell and tube heat exchanger. A dynamical state space model is used to describe the heat exchanger process. Kalman filter based observer is d...

The use of natural convection, side-arm heat exchangers in solar domestic water heating systems is becoming a popular method of reducing system cost and electric demand. In this paper, we compare thermal performances of three natural convection heat exchangers mounted along the outside of the water storage tank and a commercial wraparound-tank heat exchanger to two forced-flow heat exchangers. ...

Improving heat transfer and performance in a radial, finned, shell and tube heat exchanger is studied in this study. According to the second law of thermodynamics, the most irreversibilities of convective heat transfer processes are due to fluid friction and heat transfer via finite temperature difference. Entransy dissipations are due to the irreversibilities of convective heat transfer. There...

A heat exchanger network (HEN) for the process of methanol synthesis has been studied by combination of pinch design method and the application of “Twisted Tube” heat exchanger units as a new technology. The HEN is reconstructed based on the full utilization of maximum allowable pressure drops for the process hot and cold streams. An algorithm is developed to generate design procedure for twist...

Heat exchangers: types .................................................................................................................................. 1 Plate heat exchangers ................................................................................................................................ 4 Shell-and-tube heat exchangers ............................................................

Heat exchangers: types .................................................................................................................................. 1 Plate heat exchangers ................................................................................................................................ 4 Shell-and-tube heat exchangers ............................................................