Shading reduces the power output of a photovoltaic (PV) system. The design engineering of PV systems requires modeling and evaluating shading losses. Some PV systems are affected by complex shading scenes whose resulting PV energy losses are very difficult to evaluate with current modeling tools. Several specialized PV design and simulation software include the possibility to evaluate shading l...

Shading reduces the power output of a photovoltaic (PV) system. The design engineering of PV systems requires modeling and evaluating shading losses. Some PV systems are affected by complex shading scenes whose resulting PV energy losses are very difficult to evaluate with current modeling tools. Several specialized PV design and simulation software include the possibility to evaluate shading l...

Received: 15 August 2005 Revised: 21 December 2005 Accepted: 6 January 2006 Online publication date: 10 April 2006 Abstract Very early in the object recognition process the human visual system extracts shading information. While shading can enhance the visibility of structures, it can have a negative impact on the judgment of sizes of elements in a structure. In certain visualization systems th...

This paper examines several existing methods of static shading device design, and presents a new approach called SHADERADE. The approach is implemented as an eponymous tool based on Rhinoceros® and EnergyPlus, and offers flexible, novel techniques for assessing the thermal desirability of solar transmittance through any potential shading volume or surface. Using simulated sidelit offices locate...

This study presents a contribution to the characterization of occupants’ behavior regarding the manual control of electric lighting in combination with shading control in offices. The procedure and monitoring results for eight single-occupied office spaces is described. The analysis of the collected data indicated that occupants kept electric lighting On during most of the monitoring period and...

Shading systems have the potential to reduce energy consumption of electric lighting and improve visual comfort. Various automated control systems of shading device and electric lighting have been widely used. However, existing lighting and shading systems typically operate independently, i.e., information is not shared, and thus system performance is not optimal. Therefore, integrated control ...

This paper describes a new architecture for generating smoothly shaded two dimensional images of volume data. This architecture ts into an image synthesis pipeline and uses only simple arithmetic operations and a look-up table to generate two dimensional images in real time. The shading algorithm is an extension of the grey-level gradient algorithm for shading volume data. The shading technique...

This paper describes a new architecture for generat­ ing smoothly shaded two dimensional images of volume data. This architecture fits into an image synthesis pipeline and uses only simple arithmetic operations and a look-up table to generate two dimensional images in real time. The shading algorithm is an extensioll of the grey-level gradient algorithm for shading volume data. The shading tech...