Low solar radiation caused by industrial development and solar dimming has become a limitation in crop production in China. It is widely accepted that low solar radiation influences many aspects of plant development, including slender, weak stems and susceptibility to lodging. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. To clarify how low solar radiation affects stem mechanical ...

in order to study the effects of shading on head and its near leaves on yield and yield components of spring safflower genotypes, an experiment was conducted in factorial arrangement based on a complete randomized block design with four replications at agricultural research station, faculty of agriculture, birjand university during 2008. factors were including three spring safflower genotypes (...

PURPOSE The most common failure seen in restorations with a zirconia core is total or layered delamination of the ceramic veneer. In the present study, the shear bond strengths between veneering ceramics and colored zirconia oxide core materials were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zirconia discs (15 × 12 × 1.6 mm) were divided into 11 groups of 12 discs each. Groups were colored according t...

this study aimed to determine the effects of different shading ratio and covers on “sultana seedless” table grape quality and storability. grapevines were covered at the veraison stage with 3 shading nets (0, 35, and 75% shading), which were then replaced with covering materials including polypropylene cross-stitch (pc), life pack (lp) and mogul (mg), just before harvest. harvested grapes in al...

Sunlight directly influences on the development of forest species by affecting attributes plant growth and physiology. Among these species, Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman is considered a rare as its distribution restricted only to state Paraíba. Therefore, studies are needed that seek evaluate adaptation, propagation under different environmental conditions. This study aimed morphophysiologic...

Plant ambiance studies the environmental condition favorable to plant growth at initial stage of seedlings or complete production cycle. This study aimed evaluate cultivation ornamental pepper ‘Pyramid’ under protected environments and growing benches with without reflective material. The consisted a greenhouse covered low-density polyethylene film 42/50% shading thermo-reflective screen film, ...

Large areas of abandoned cropland in the world can be reforested with native shrubs and trees to gain a number of environmental benefits. In abandoned Mediterranean croplands, establishment and growth of woody plants are limited by high radiation and low water availability during summer, and weeds are strong competitors for resources, particularly water. We conducted a 3-year experiment in cent...

We present a novel architecture for flexible control of shading rates in a GPU pipeline, and demonstrate substantially reduced shading costs for various applications. We decouple shading and visibility by restricting and quantizing shading rates to a finite set of screen-aligned grids, leading to simpler and fewer changes to the GPU pipeline compared to alternative approaches. Our architecture ...

中学校理科第3学年「地球と宇宙」の「太陽系と恒星」では，太陽の観察を行い，その観察記録や資料に基づいて，太陽の特徴（形，大きさ，表面の様子など）を見いだして理解することが求められている。太陽の大きさについては，太陽系で最も大きいことを理解することがねらいとされており，そのためには，太陽と太陽系の惑星の大きさを比較することが必要である。その際，太陽の大きさを実際に測定することができれば，より実感を伴った理解につながると考えられる。太陽の大きさを測定する教材はこれまでにも提案されていたが，太陽直視の危険性や精度面での課題等が残されていた。そこで，本稿ではそれらの知見や測定原理を踏まえながら，遮光シートを目盛り付きの木材に貼り付ける工夫を施すことで直接太陽の見かけの大きさを測定することができるとともに，より高精度の測定が可能な教材に改良を行った。実際に改良した教材を用いて中学3年生を対象に...