An implicit non-linear lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel (LU-SGS) solution algorithm has been developed for a high-order spectral difference Navier-Stokes solver on unstructured hexahedral grids. The non-linear LU-SGS solver is preconditioned by a block element matrix, and the system of equations is then solved with the LU decomposition approach. The large sparse Jacobian matrix is computed nu...

An implicit non-linear lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel (LU-SGS) solution algorithm has been developed for a high-order spectral difference Navier-Stokes solver on unstructured hexahedral grids. The non-linear LU-SGS solver is preconditioned by the block element matrix, and the system of equations is then solved with a LU decomposition approach. The large sparse Jacobian matrix is computed nu...

Insulin secretion is key for glucose homeostasis. Insulin secretory granules (SGs) exist in different functional pools, with young SGs being more mobile and preferentially secreted. However, the principles governing the mobility of age-distinct SGs remain undefined. Using the time-reporter insulin-SNAP to track age-distinct SGs we now show that their dynamics can be classified into three compon...

Spatial Genetic Structure (SGS) is correlated with life history traits and is affected by ecological and demographic processes. We discuss here the SGS within populations of three species from Cerrado Biome, Caryocar brasiliense, Dipteryx alata and Tibouchina papyrus, which vary in life history traits. Our working hypothesis was that self-incompatible and wind-dispersed species present no SGS d...

Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic bodies wherein translationally silenced mRNAs are recruited for triage in response to environmental stress. We report that Drosophila cells form SGs in response to arsenite and heat shock. Drosophila SGs, like mammalian SGs, are distinct from but adjacent to processing bodies (PBs, sites of mRNA silencing and decay), require polysome disassembly, and are in...

Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic RNA multimeric bodies that form under stress conditions known to inhibit translation initiation. In most reported stress cases, the formation of SGs was associated with the cell recovery from stress and survival. In cells derived from cancer, SGs formation was shown to promote resistance to either proteasome inhibitors or 5-Fluorouracil used as chemotherape...

Cells form stress granules (SGs) in response to environmental stresses, which constitute cytoplasmic domains where mRNAs are stored and translation is halted. Although several components are found in SGs, it is poorly understood as to how SGs are formed and dissolved. We identified growth factor receptor-bound protein 7 (Grb7), an RNA-binding, translational regulator, as an integral component o...

For a symmetric positive semidefinite linear system of equations Qx = b, where x = (x1, . . . , xs) is partitioned into s blocks, with s ≥ 2, we show that each cycle of the classical block symmetric Gauss-Seidel (block sGS) method exactly solves the associated quadratic programming (QP) problem but added with an extra proximal term of the form 12‖x−x ‖T , where T is a symmetric positive semidef...

In recent years field experiments have been undertaken in the lower atmosphere to perform a priori tests of subgrid-scale (SGS)models for large-eddy simulations (LES). The experimental arrangements and data collected have facilitated studies of variables such as the filtered strain rate, SGS stress and dissipation, and the eddy viscosity coefficient. However, the experimental set-ups did not pe...