Early stage diabetic nephropathy is characterized by glomerular hyperfiltration and reduced renal tissue Po2. Recent observations have indicated that increased tubular Na(+)-glucose linked transport (SGLT) plays a role in the development of diabetes-induced hyperfiltration. The aim of the present study was to determine how inhibition of SLGT impacts upon Po2 in the diabetic rat kidney. Diabetes...

AIMS In search of add-on treatments to metformin, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are potential candidates. This meta-analysis examines the potential use of SGLT-2 inhibitors in combination with metformin as a therapeutic option for type 2 diabetes management in patients with inadequate control with metformin. METHODS A literature search was made in several databases for ra...

Plasma membrane proteins of the solute carrier family 5 (SLC5) are responsible for sodium-coupled uptake of ions, sugars and nutrients in the vertebrate body. Mutations in SLC5 genes are the cause of several inherited human disorders. We have recently reported the cloning and transport properties of SGLT-1L, a Xenopus homologue of the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT-1) [Nagata et...

Cordyceps, an entomopathogenic fungus, contains many health-promoting ingredients. Recent reports indicate that the consumption of cordyceps helps reduce blood-sugar content in diabetics. However, the mechanism underlying this reduction in circulatory sugar content is not fully understood. Methanolic extracts were prepared from the fruiting bodies of Paecilomyces tenuipes, and 4-beta acetoxysci...

BACKGROUND Use of SGLT-2 receptor inhibitors has been associated with weight loss and a low rate of hypoglycemia in comparison to sulfonylureas. These factors may improve health-related quality of life for patients with diabetes. OBJECTIVES To systematically explore randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving SGLT-2 receptor inhibitors that reported health-related quality of life changes. ...

The presence of glucose in the intestinal lumen elicits a number of changes in gastrointestinal function, including inhibition of gastric emptying and food intake and stimulation of pancreatic and intestinal secretion. The present study tested the hypothesis that Na(+)-glucose cotransporter (SGLT)-3, a member of the SGLT family of transport proteins, is involved in detection of luminal glucose ...

In a rabbit model of chronic ileal inflammation, we previously demonstrated inhibition of Na-glucose cotransport (SGLT-1). The mechanism of inhibition was secondary to a decrease in the number of cotransporters and not solely secondary to an inhibition of Na-K-ATPase or altered affinity for glucose. In this study, we determined the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on SGLT-1 inhibition during c...

In this paper we show how the Shannon entropy is connected to the theory of majorization. They are both linked to the measure of disorder in a system. However, the theory of majorization usually gives stronger criteria than the entropic inequalities. We give some generalized results for majorization inequality using Csiszár f-divergence. This divergence, applied to some special convex functions...

Given X, Y ∈ Rn×m we introduce the following notion of matrix majorization, called weak matrix majorization, X w Y if there exists a row-stochastic matrix A ∈ Rn×n such that AX = Y, and consider the relations between this concept, strong majorization ( s ) and directional majorization ( ). It is verified that s⇒ ⇒ w , but none of the reciprocal implications is true. Nevertheless, we study the i...