Contrary to popular belief, little fluid is reabsorbed by the capillary and most of it is returned to the circulation via the lymphatic. Lymph drainage begins in thin-walled, superficial initial lymphatics with wide (14 nm) oblique intercellular junctions that function as flap valves. They freely allow passage of fluid and protein into the lymphatic but prevent back flow. The initial lymphatics...

of about half an inch, and underneath, to nearly the same distance, the soft parts had receded from the tibia, leaving a outjutting right angle of denuded bone; still, although tho soft parts had thus receded, or probably sloughed, from its sharp edge, they had in no way deserted the tibia. Appearing to have considered that the flaps could not heal over a bony edge of such extreme sharpness, th...

Introduction: Ability to reconstruct the papilla in anterior maxilla is important aspect of perio-plastic surgery. In most articles, connective tissue is used with different designs of incisions. The aim of this study was to use sub-epithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) with two types of incisions called papilla preservation and semilunar. Materials & Methods: This basic randomized clinica...

BACKGROUND Although many Authors have reported the use of root surface biomodification (RSB), the clinical outcomes in terms of root coverage are still unclear, as a number of biomodifier agents have been used in combination with various periodontal plastic surgical techniques. In this review we aim to evaluate the efficacy of RSB in root coverage and its impact on the outcomes. METHODS A sea...

CXCR7 (RDC1), a G-protein-coupled receptor with conserved motifs characteristic of chemokine receptors, is enriched in endocardial and cushion mesenchymal cells in developing hearts, but its function is unclear. Cxcr7 germline deletion resulted in perinatal lethality with complete penetrance. Mutant embryos exhibited aortic and pulmonary valve stenosis due to semilunar valve thickening, with oc...