Background HER2 is a transmembrane glycoprotein, a member of epidermal growth factor receptor family. It was documented that the amplification and the over expression of this gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis and in the progression of breast cancer [1]. Nowadays this is one of the most important biomarker and target for breast cancer therapy. 10-30% of invasive breast carcinomas ...

A high throughout semi-quantification method for screening nearly 900 organic contaminants (OCs) in river sediments has been developed. For most OCs tested, concentrations calculated from the proposed semi-quantification method deviated from actual values by a factor of 4. The overall recovery tests indicated that most OCs can be successfully extracted from sediments with recovery rates from 84...

Accurate human-specific DNA quantification is essential for forensic casework analysis. In this work, we describe a microplate-based quantification assay that utilizes the PCR amplification of human-specific TH01 primers. This method enables the reliable quantification of human DNA samples from 0.2 to 40 ng, even in mixtures with nonhuman DNA. Analysis of samples can be semi-automated using 96-...

Through BM25, the asymptotic term frequency quantification TF = tf/(tf+K), where tf is the within-document term frequency and K is a normalisation factor, became popular. This paper reports a finding regarding the meaning of the TF quantification: in the triangle of independence and subsumption, the TF quantification forms the altitude, that is, the middle between independent and subsumed event...

Tissue microarray technology and immunohistochemical techniques have become a routine and indispensable tool for current anatomical pathology diagnosis. However, manual quantification by eye is relatively slow and subjective, and the use of digital image analysis software to extract information of immunostained specimens is an area of ongoing research, especially when the immunohistochemical si...

The study of semi-supervised category learning has shown mixed results on how people jointly use labeled and unlabeled information when learning categories. Here we investigate the possibility that people are sensitive to the value of both labeled and unlabeled items, and that this depends on the structure of the underlying categories. We use an unconstrained free-sorting categorization experim...

The P-selective sets (Selman, 1979) are those sets for which there is a polynomial-time algorithm that, given any two strings, determines which is “more likely” to belong to the set: if either of the strings is in the set, the algorithm chooses one that is in the set. We prove that, for each k, the k-ary Boolean connectives under which the P-selective sets are closed are exactly those that are ...