Only a few European integration experts know that Jean Monnet, one of the masterminds of the European Coal and Steel Community, strongly preferred the European Atomic Energy Communitl to the European Economic Community in the 1950s and 1960s. From his point of view, sectoral and technical cooperation in the field of nuclear energy seemed to be much more promising in order to foster European int...

In response to the financial crisis of 2008, the Federal Reserve radically increased the monetary base. Banks responded by increasing excess reserves rather than increasing bank loans, and the public responded with a substantial flight to liquidity in the form of currency and demand deposits. As a result, the money-supply multipliers substantially decreased, so that the actual money supply meas...

We develop a four-stage, serial supply chain inventory model with planned backorders. This supply chain model is formulated for the integer multipliers coordination mechanism, where firms at the same stage of the supply chain use the same cycle time and the cycle time at each stage is an integer multiplier of the cycle time used at the adjacent downstream stage. We develop an optimal replenishm...

Germany's ruling coalition has recently introduced a new bill to Parliament, the Care Structures Act (CSA), which aims to improve outpatient care supply structures, decentralize decision-making, facilitate cross-sectoral treatment, and strengthen innovation in the nation's health care sector. These objectives are to be achieved through a variety of measures, including changes in financial incen...

Due to international fragmentation, production increasingly occurs in global supply chains (GSC). The common belief is that this leads more specialization, which implies concentration of imports and exports over time. In paper, we empirically test hypothesis by analysing the geographical sectoral GSC period 1995–2011. We adapt traditional Herfindahl’s indexes a multi-regional input–output frame...

in this paper, we introduce the notion of multiplier in -algebra and study relationships between multipliers and some special mappings, likeness closure operators, homomorphisms and ( -derivations in -algebras. we introduce the concept of idempotent multipliers in bl-algebra and weak congruence and obtain an interconnection between idempotent multipliers and weak congruences. also, we introduce...

Economic shocks due to COVID-19 were exceptional in their severity, suddenness and heterogeneity across industries. To study the upstream downstream propagation of these industry-specific demand supply shocks, we build a dynamic input-output model inspired by previous work on economic response natural disasters. We argue that standard production functions, at least most parsimonious parametriza...

The economic lot and delivery scheduling problem for a multi-stage supply chain comprising multiple items is studied in this paper. It is required to develop a synchronized replenishment strategy, and specify the sequence of production and the replenishment cycle time that achieves synchronization through the supply chain at minimum cost. The problem is presented in a novel formulation based on...

Abstract This paper proposes a new approach to the regionalization of national input–output tables where suitable regional data are scarce and analysts considering using location quotients (LQs). We focus on FLQ formula, which frequently yields best results pure LQ-based methods, develop an enhanced way implementing this approach. use modified cross-entropy (MCE) method, along with regression m...