the present study has been carried out with the aim of content analysis (ca) of newly-preparedtextbooks for social studies and science of the sixth grade based on the three environment education grounds, i.e.ecology, environment, and human activity. it is of caand descriptive nature. the statistical population was all thesixth grade textbooks pages and the statistical sample was equal to the st...

BACKGROUND Two recent studies reported a curvilinear (U-shaped) between elderly suicide rates and educational attainment measured by the United Nation's Education Index. A study examining the curvilinear (U-shaped) relationship between elderly suicide rates and the individual components of the Education Index (adult literacy rate, percentage of children of relevant age group enrolled in primary...

Problem: Children make little use of many neighborhood parks even though they have facilities for active recreation. Purpose: We examined the factors that bring children to parks, and aimed to understand how park visitation patterns differ between boys and girls, among children of different races and ethnicities, and between inner-city and suburban children. Methods: We surveyed children and th...

Researchers are increasingly interested in identifying specific aspects of adolescents' lives that are positively or adversely affected by their place of residence. This body of work suggests that it is important to consider neighborhoods when examining their 1) engagement in risk-related behaviors; 2) educational outcomes; 3) physical and mental health; and 4) their integration within social i...

it does not need a doctor to tell. We see the proofs of it every day in the streets in puny, miserable creatures who should be bright and bonny; in the special schools where the weakly intelligent are trying to lessen their handicap for the battle of life ; in the hospitals, where the children suffer from sickness which need not be ; in homes for incurable children, who are punished for the dis...

OBJECTIVES To determine the age and the most common circumstances for smoking initiation along with smoking rates and to evaluate smoking trends for secondary and high school students in Poland during 2009 and 2011. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 2009, a pilot study was conducted in districts of Poland on high school students and their parents. For statistical analysis, correctly completed questionn...

Although Japan has been a signatory to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control since 2004, progress in translating the recommendations into national policy has been limited. Globally, outdoor smoking bans cover outdoor dining areas, beaches, public parks, schools, etc. In Japan, most of existing outdoor smoking bans allow designated smoking areas (DSAs) in the no-smoking zones, thus limitin...

BACKGROUND While women and girls are made vulnerable by inequitable and violent versions of masculinities, there is increasing evidence that gender equality will not be achieved without partnering with men. The aim of this study was to assess gender-equitable norms and their determinants among church-going young men in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo. METHOD A cross-sectional study...

Many Australian children are more sedentary than they should be, and almost one in five are currently overweight or obese. Some children may face difficulties finding opportunities to be active, having poor access to safe public open spaces or having low independent mobility limiting their access to places to play. This study aimed to examine children's access to places in their neighborhood fo...