introduction the aim of this study was to compare the smear layer removal efficacies of 3% sodium hypochlorite (naocl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta), smearclear and biopure mtad using a common irrigation protocol. materials and methods: fifty freshly extracted human single rooted maxillary and mandibular teeth were prepared by a protaper rotary system up to an apical preparation f...

this study compared the marginal adaptation of mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) and mta-like materials as root-end fillings after incubation in phosphate buffer saline (pbs), a synthetic tissue fluid, for either 1 week or 2 months.in this experimental study, seventy-two extracted human single-rooted teeth were prepared and obturated with gutta-percha and ah26 sealer. the apical 3 mm of the root...

introdouction: dentinal hypersensitivity (dh) is one of the most painful chronic problems reported in dental offices. various methods have been applied for the treatment of dh. however, majority of them are either ineffective or last for a short period of time. it has been reported that lasers, particularly neodymium- doped: yttrium aluminum garnet laser (nd: yag), can be helpful in the treatme...

while a wide array of pathological changes occur in cerebral arteries following subarachnoid hemorrhage (sah), the most consistent is endothelial damage. since the endothelium normally modulates reflexes that influence vascular tone, any damage to it may represent a significant contributor to cerebral vasospasm following sah. this experimental study investigates the correlation between endothel...

background and aims: in various clinical situations, mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) may come into direct contact with blood. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to blood on marginal adaptation and surface microstructure of mta. materials and methods: thirty extracted human single-rooted teeth were used in this study. standard root canal treatment was carried ou...

morphological and electrophoretic analysis of the crystalline inclusions (parasporal crystals) of sporulated cultures of b. thuringiensis ssp. kumamotoensis dsm 6070 (bt 6070) was conducted via phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the activity of the spore-crystal suspensions against house fly (musca domestica) larvae wa...

introduction: the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of an experimental irrigation solution, containing two different concentrations of papain, tween 80, 2% chlorhexidine and edta, on removal of the smear layer. methods and materials: thirty-six single-rooted teeth were divided into two experimental groups ( n =12) and two positive and negative control groups of six. the cana...

introduction: smear layer (sl) is produced as a result of mechanical instrumentation of the canal(s). despite the controversies regarding its removal, the evidence-based trend has shifted towards removing and eliminating the sl. different methods have been used to remove the sl and the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta), 18% etid...

in this article we review the application and procedures involved in scanning electron microscope (sem) to observe biological and live tissues through using sem at high resolution. we discuss practical methods for optimizing tissue preservation to achieve the two principal goals of biological specimen preparation: (a) preserving biological structures as close to their living configuration as po...