The motivation, present status, and future plans of the search for ββ(0ν) decay are reviewed. It is argued that, motivated by the recent observations of neutrino oscillations, there is a reasonable hope that ββ(0ν) decay corresponding to the neutrino mass scale suggested by oscillations, mν ≈ 50 meV, actually exists. The challenges to achieve the sensitivity corresponding to this mass scale, an...